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March 2025, no. 473

ABR looks at lives and their legacies. Timothy J. Lynch reviews a biography of Ronald Reagan, Sheila Fitzpatrick another on Angela Merkel, and Simon Tormey surveys a memoir by Boris Johnson. We have Susan Sheridan on Joan Lindsay, Glyn Davis on great leaders, and James Walter on Robert Menzies. Our cover features You Yang Ponds by Fred Williams and Christopher Allen reviews The Diaries of Fred Williams, 1963-1970 by Patrick McCaughey. Ebony Nilsson unearths letters sent to Menzies during the Petrov Affair and Andrea Goldsmith addresses her ‘unread books’.  We review works by Fredric Jameson and Colm Tóibín, about Indie porn, films The Brutalist and Babygirl, a poetry collection from Eileen Chong, fiction by Olga Tokarczuk and much more.

Advances – March 2025
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How good it was – when we presented the five shortlisted poets in this year’s Peter Porter Poetry Prize on February 18 – to be back at Readings Carlton, rather than speaking via Zoom. Like lockdowns, Zoom ceremonies have really outstayed their welcome.

This year’s judges – Sarah Holland-Batt, Paul Kane, and Peter Rose – shortlisted poems by poets Sarah Day (Tasmania), Jennifer Harrison (Victoria), Audrey Molloy and Claire Potter (both NSW), and Meredith Stricker, who lives in California. This was the first all-women shortlist in the Porter’s twenty-one-year history.

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Peter Porter Poetry Prize

How good it was – when we presented the five shortlisted poets in this year’s Peter Porter Poetry Prize on February 18 – to be back at Readings Carlton, rather than speaking via Zoom. Like lockdowns, Zoom ceremonies have really outstayed their welcome.

This year’s judges – Sarah Holland-Batt, Paul Kane, and Peter Rose – shortlisted poems by poets Sarah Day (Tasmania), Jennifer Harrison (Victoria), Audrey Molloy and Claire Potter (both NSW), and Meredith Stricker, who lives in California. This was the first all-women shortlist in the Porter’s twenty-one-year history.

After readings from the work of Peter Porter and by the five poets, Meredith Stricker was named the overall winner. Her poem, ‘The Vastness of What Poetry Can Do’, was chosen from a field of 1,171 entries from twenty-nine countries. She receives $6,000.

Our judges had this to say about ‘The Vastness of What Poetry Can Do’: ‘That this is the most expansive poem on the shortlist seems inevitable, given its titular subject. The five eclectic epigraphs (beginning with Wallace Stevens, who might have conceived the title), and the references throughout, hint at the poet’s impressive range of influences, but this spacious and elegant poem – “stubborn, forlorn, resplendent” – is entirely individual and original.’

Our winner, who could not attend the ceremony, sent this message: ‘I am so honoured to be part of the stunning and diverse range of poets moving through the pages of ABR. Thank you to all the readers and supporters, illustrious staff and contributors for the depth of your response and respect given to poetry and a wider cultural life. While the writing of a poem may feel solitary, its trajectory and life are communal and inclusive. I want to reflect for a moment on what might connect my work with that of Peter Porter’s. What might we have in common? He had a gift for turning the anachronistic into the simultaneous-present, crossing centuries and diction as one might cross a street. Here is his gorgeous line from “Sun King, Sulking”: “We are classic because we live / so briefly.” We are not drawn to the classics and myth because they are unchanging, monumental precursors, but because they are renewable like forests, being recreated in our lives. I have spoken about how my poem “The Vastness of What Poetry Can Do” is an encounter with The Iliad as a forever war of displacement, where myth rhymes with the news. This work also echoes my family history – my mother was a refugee in wartime, and members of my father’s family were cleansed from their villages and sent to Siberian labour camps for decades. What I feel in common here with the works of Peter Porter is how the poem can thread through history, myth, nature, the news. Each poem can become an arc or carrier or transformer like a core sample through geologies or sequoia trees – “we live so briefly”, yet are simultaneous with others in other times and places. May all those displaced find homelands. May our brief lives span widely.’

All five shortlisted poems appeared in the January-February issue of ABR. A podcast is available of the poets reading their work.

Prizes galore

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Letters – March 2025
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Custom Highlight Text: Mark Finnane’s article ‘Citational Justice: A revolution in research practice?’ (ABR, January-February 2025) provides an enlightening discussion of the drawbacks of using an author’s cultural identity as the key decision-making criterion in academia and publishing.
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Citational justice

Dear Editor,

Mark Finnane’s article ‘Citational Justice: A revolution in research practice?’ (ABR, January-February 2025) provides an enlightening discussion of the drawbacks of using an author’s cultural identity as the key decision-making criterion in academia and publishing.

To illustrate his broader point, Finnane provides the example of a pitch to The Conversation that was rejected after an editor learnt that he was not working with an Indigenous co-author. The rejected pitch, on estimates of Indigenous deaths at the hands of colonial police, had clear academic merit. Based on this and questions he was asked by an editor, Finnane suggests that his proposal was rejected because he did not have an Indigenous co-author. However, it is not The Conversation’s policy to make decisions on that basis, for the very good reasons touched on in Mr Finnane’s article. On matters relevant to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, it is desirable to involve Indigenous academics or knowledge holders, and we always seek to establish if this has occurred. But we only accept a tiny sliver of the hundreds of pitches that come in every week, and editorial decisions weigh a large number of considerations, with newsworthiness and relevant author expertise chief among our concerns.

Misha Ketchell, Editor, The Conversation

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Timothy J. Lynch review ‘Reagan: His life and legend’ by Max Boot
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When Ronald Reagan died in 2004, Americans of every kind, ‘in rows three to five deep, thronged Pennsylvania Avenue to catch a glimpse of this melancholy but historic funeral procession’. In a note the presidential historian Richard Norton Smith wrote to Reagan’s widow, Nancy, he assured her that ‘their grief was equalled by their gratitude for a life that had become synonymous in their eyes with the nation itself’.

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When Ronald Reagan died in 2004, Americans of every kind, ‘in rows three to five deep, thronged Pennsylvania Avenue to catch a glimpse of this melancholy but historic funeral procession’. In a note the presidential historian Richard Norton Smith wrote to Reagan’s widow, Nancy, he assured her that ‘their grief was equalled by their gratitude for a life that had become synonymous in their eyes with the nation itself’.

Max Boot, Reagan’s latest biographer, offers this as a framing anecdote for his impressive, if imperfect, account of the fortieth president (1981-89). To know Ronald Reagan is to know the United States. Boot never quite articulates the inevitable corollary – to hate Reagan is to hate America – but offers a determined rebuke to it. He succeeds and fails in compelling fashion.

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Article Subtitle: Memoirs of an enigmatic chancellor
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Just a few years ago, retiring after sixteen years as Germany’s chancellor (2005-21), Angela Merkel was praised to the skies as a stateswoman who represented all that was admirable in a (semi-)united Europe. Now her reputation has taken a nosedive (‘Angela who?’ The Economist asked, tongue in cheek, last October). That’s an occupational hazard for politicians, and Merkel, as a seasoned professional, knew the score. Still, she deserves to be remembered, if only because in 2015 she did something that seasoned professionals very rarely do: ignoring the risks, she took an important political decision for moral reasons. That decision was to open Germany’s doors to thousands of refugees from North Africa and the Middle East – in the end almost a million – desperately trying to enter Europe via the Mediterranean.

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Book 1 Biblio: Macmillan, $54.99 pb, 707 pp
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Just a few years ago, retiring after sixteen years as Germany’s chancellor (2005-21), Angela Merkel was praised to the skies as a stateswoman who represented all that was admirable in a (semi-)united Europe. Now her reputation has taken a nosedive (‘Angela who?’ The Economist asked, tongue in cheek, last October). That’s an occupational hazard for politicians, and Merkel, as a seasoned professional, knew the score. Still, she deserves to be remembered, if only because in 2015 she did something that seasoned professionals very rarely do: ignoring the risks, she took an important political decision for moral reasons. That decision was to open Germany’s doors to thousands of refugees from North Africa and the Middle East – in the end almost a million – desperately trying to enter Europe via the Mediterranean.

Read more: Sheila Fitzpatrick reviews ‘Freedom: Memoirs 1954-2021’ by Angela Merkel with Beate Baumann

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Simon Tormey reviews ‘Unleashed’ by Boris Johnson
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Boris Johnson is of course one of the most distinctive political leaders of recent times. With his mop of unruly blond hair, plummy Etonian tones, and carefully confected air of bumbling amiability, he seems to have been on the British political scene for decades. In fact, his political career has been relatively short by comparison with many of his peers. This in turn helps explain the timing of Unleashed. As becomes clear, Johnson is in no mood for idle reminiscence or nostalgia for the top table.

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Boris Johnson is of course one of the most distinctive political leaders of recent times. With his mop of unruly blond hair, plummy Etonian tones, and carefully confected air of bumbling amiability, he seems to have been on the British political scene for decades. In fact, his political career has been relatively short by comparison with many of his peers. This in turn helps explain the timing of Unleashed. As becomes clear, Johnson is in no mood for idle reminiscence or nostalgia for the top table. Far from it. The easily discernible purpose of the text is a lengthy celebration of all things Boris, together with a modest mea culpa for allowing his regime to lose discipline during the Covid pandemic and to open the door for the criticism that he was applying double standards with the British public. What we have here is a generously proportioned aide-mémoire for those who might have forgotten his achievements as mayor of London, foreign secretary, and, latterly, prime minister, as well as a promise to be a better person when duty comes knocking again, as clearly he thinks it should.

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Article Title: ‘Tremendous fun’
Article Subtitle: First the novel, then the film
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Picnic at Hanging Rock, the 1975 film directed by Peter Weir, has achieved iconic status in Australian cinema, while the story on which it is based has also yielded a television drama series, a ballet, plays, and a musical. Indeed, the fiftieth anniversary of the film is being marked by the Sydney Theatre Company’s revival of Tom Wright’s modern adaptation. The story enjoying this long and varied life was originally published as a mystery novel in 1967. Yet the author of that story, Joan Lindsay (1896-1984), is herself something of a mystery. Aged seventy-one at the time of her novel’s publication and scarcely known as a writer, she has received little recognition since.

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Picnic at Hanging Rock, the 1975 film directed by Peter Weir, has achieved iconic status in Australian cinema, while the story on which it is based has also yielded a television drama series, a ballet, plays, and a musical. Indeed, the fiftieth anniversary of the film is being marked by the Sydney Theatre Company’s revival of Tom Wright’s modern adaptation. The story enjoying this long and varied life was originally published as a mystery novel in 1967. Yet the author of that story, Joan Lindsay (1896-1984), is herself something of a mystery. Aged seventy-one at the time of her novel’s publication and scarcely known as a writer, she has received little recognition since.

Read more: Susan Sheridan reviews ‘Joan Lindsay: The hidden life of the woman who wrote Picnic at Hanging...

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Joel Deane reviews ‘Let’s Tax Carbon: And other ideas for a better Australia’ by Ross Garnaut
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Few books are greater than the sum of their parts – many are less. In the case of Ross Garnaut’s latest effort, the parts are greater than the sum. As a book, Let’s Tax Carbon: And other ideas for a better Australia succeeds and fails. It succeeds as a field guide to the past, present, and future of the Australian economy’s three big policy problems: transitioning to a net-zero carbon economy; reversing social and economic inequity; and creating new industries that secure the nation’s prosperity. But it fails as a work of non-fiction.

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Few books are greater than the sum of their parts – many are less. In the case of Ross Garnaut’s latest effort, the parts are greater than the sum. As a book, Let’s Tax Carbon: And other ideas for a better Australia succeeds and fails. It succeeds as a field guide to the past, present, and future of the Australian economy’s three big policy problems: transitioning to a net-zero carbon economy; reversing social and economic inequity; and creating new industries that secure the nation’s prosperity. But it fails as a work of non-fiction.

That is not to say that Let’s Tax Carbon should be avoided. Any book by Garnaut, a visionary economist and policymaker, is worth the price of admission. After all, Let’s Tax Carbon is crammed with ideas, arguing for structural reforms designed to tackle climate change, achieve full employment, boost incomes, and turn Australia into an energy powerhouse. It also builds on Garnaut’s three previous books – Dog Days: Australia after the boom (2013), Superpower: Australia’s low-carbon opportunity (2019), and Reset: Restoring Australia after the pandemic recession (2021). Why, then, does Let’s Tax Carbon feel unrealised?

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‘Untitled, 1954’, a new poem by Paula Bohince
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To land within a corona of jonquil, portal
to retrospect, with the immanence of insect. A thorax

hottens, sensational, in its own yellow canopy.
Being, flown via surprise winter (at rest, in instinct)

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After Mark Rothko

 

To land within a corona of jonquil, portal
to retrospect, with the immanence of insect. A thorax

hottens, sensational, in its own yellow canopy.
Being, flown via surprise winter (at rest, in instinct)

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Dominic Kelly reviews ‘Australia: The politics of degraded democracy’ by William Maley
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I write this review over the Australia Day long weekend, a few items from the national media stand out as exemplary reminders of how poorly Australians are being served by our political class. First, in an embarrassingly transparent nod to Donald Trump and Elon Musk’s juvenile Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), Opposition Leader Peter Dutton appointed Senator Jacinta Nampijinpa Price to the new shadow ministry for government efficiency. Second, Dutton’s deputy Sussan Ley likened the First Fleet’s 1788 arrival in Australia to Musk’s delusional fantasies about occupying Mars. ‘Just like astronauts arriving on Mars,’ she told an Albury church congregation, ‘those first settlers would be confronted with a different and strange world, full of danger, adventure and potential.’ Around the globe, many are increasingly wary of the political trajectory of the United States in its current phase of advanced decadence, but for Australia’s alternative government, now is the time to cling to the sinking ship that is the American empire.

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As I write this review over the Australia Day long weekend, a few items from the national media stand out as exemplary reminders of how poorly Australians are being served by our political class. First, in an embarrassingly transparent nod to Donald Trump and Elon Musk’s juvenile Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), Opposition Leader Peter Dutton appointed Senator Jacinta Nampijinpa Price to the new shadow ministry for government efficiency. Second, Dutton’s deputy Sussan Ley likened the First Fleet’s 1788 arrival in Australia to Musk’s delusional fantasies about occupying Mars. ‘Just like astronauts arriving on Mars,’ she told an Albury church congregation, ‘those first settlers would be confronted with a different and strange world, full of danger, adventure and potential.’ Around the globe, many are increasingly wary of the political trajectory of the United States in its current phase of advanced decadence, but for Australia’s alternative government, now is the time to cling to the sinking ship that is the American empire.

Read more: Dominic Kelly reviews ‘Australia: The politics of degraded democracy’ by William Maley

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James Walter reviews ‘The Menzies Ascendency:  Fortune, stability, progress 1954-1961’ edited by Zachary Gorman
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Australian liberals and the Liberal Party were once thought laggards in attending to their own history in comparison with the Labor Party. Even so, Robert Menzies’ life and career had been well documented, with multiple biographies and memoirs, including Allan Martin’s masterful two-volume biography (1993-99) and Judith Brett’s influential analysis of Menzies’ ‘Forgotten People’ speech as a key to understanding the ‘public life’ (1992). More recently, liberal political history has become a cottage industry.

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Australian liberals and the Liberal Party were once thought laggards in attending to their own history in comparison with the Labor Party. Even so, Robert Menzies’ life and career had been well documented, with multiple biographies and memoirs, including Allan Martin’s masterful two-volume biography (1993-99) and Judith Brett’s influential analysis of Menzies’ ‘Forgotten People’ speech as a key to understanding the ‘public life’ (1992). More recently, liberal political history has become a cottage industry.

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‘“Congratulations Bob”: The Petrov Affair and the Australian public’ by Ebony Nilsson
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On a Tuesday morning in April 1954, Australians awoke to sensational headlines. The wife of Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov, who had recently sought asylum in Australia, was dragged aboard an aircraft in Sydney, as an impassioned, noisy crowd of a thousand tried to prevent her departure. Whether you were a dock worker or a stockbroker, your morning newspaper carried some version of what has become the Petrov Affair’s most iconic image: Evdokia Petrova, shoeless and eyes streaming, flanked by two bulky Soviet couriers, marching her across the tarmac. By all appearances, a terrified Russian woman was dragged, unwillingly, towards a dire fate in the Soviet Union.

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On a Tuesday morning in April 1954, Australians awoke to sensational headlines. The wife of Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov, who had recently sought asylum in Australia, was dragged aboard an aircraft in Sydney, as an impassioned, noisy crowd of a thousand tried to prevent her departure. Whether you were a dock worker or a stockbroker, your morning newspaper carried some version of what has become the Petrov Affair’s most iconic image: Evdokia Petrova, shoeless and eyes streaming, flanked by two bulky Soviet couriers, marching her across the tarmac. By all appearances, a terrified Russian woman was dragged, unwillingly, towards a dire fate in the Soviet Union.

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Robyn Arianrhod reviews ‘Einstein in Oxford’ by Andrew Robinson and ‘Einstein and the Quantum Revolutions’ by Alain Aspect
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The most famous blackboard in the world resides in Oxford’s History of Science Museum. It was salvaged from the cleaners after Albert Einstein gave an Oxford lecture in 1931, and I confess to being one of the many visitors to gaze upon it with awe. It is a talisman, its continuing existence a cultural recognition of the thrall, and importance, of genius.

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Book 2 Title: Einstein and the Quantum Revolutions
Book 2 Author: Alain Aspect translated from the French by Teresa Lavender Fagan
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The most famous blackboard in the world resides in Oxford’s History of Science Museum. It was salvaged from the cleaners after Albert Einstein gave an Oxford lecture in 1931, and I confess to being one of the many visitors to gaze upon it with awe. It is a talisman, its continuing existence a cultural recognition of the thrall, and importance, of genius.

Andrew Robinson, an Oxford chemistry graduate and a prolific author, opens Einstein in Oxford with the blackboard story. Then he shatters our illusions with Einstein’s own view on the matter, for the great physicist took a dim view of ‘personality cults’. As he told his diary, ‘One could easily see the jealousy of distinguished English scholars. So I protested; but this was perceived as false modesty.’

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Michael Sexton reviews ‘Ian Barker QC: Prince of barristers’ by Stephen L. Walmsley
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Ian Barker was a relative rarity among barristers in that he never used two words when one would suffice. He died in 2021 and is now the subject of a biography by Stephen Walmsley, himself a barrister and then a judge – since retired – of the NSW District Court. This is an unusual exercise in Australia, where judicial biography is a sparse species and the lives of other lawyers are seldom chronicled.

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Ian Barker was a relative rarity among barristers in that he never used two words when one would suffice. He died in 2021 and is now the subject of a biography by Stephen Walmsley, himself a barrister and then a judge – since retired – of the NSW District Court. This is an unusual exercise in Australia, where judicial biography is a sparse species and the lives of other lawyers are seldom chronicled.

Barker was born in 1935 in Sydney into a family that included both convicts and clergymen among its forebears. His legal career began as an articled clerk in a firm of solicitors. After eight years of study in a non-university course, he qualified for admission as a solicitor in New South Wales. Soon afterwards he took a post in a firm in Alice Springs, a town where Aboriginals outnumbered Europeans. Within a short time, Barker was running the practice by himself. As the only legal practitioner in the Northern Territory practising outside Darwin, he began conducting trials, including murder trials. After almost ten years in Alice Springs, he joined a Darwin firm but confined himself to court work and was appointed a Queen’s Counsel in 1974.

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Alison Stieven-Taylor reviews ‘Until Justice Comes: Fifty years of the movement for Indigenous rights. Photographs 1970-2024’ by Juno Gemes and ‘Imagining a Real Australia: The documentary style 1950-1980’ by Stephen Zagala
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Article Title: ‘Just holding the fort’
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Photography finds itself at yet another crossroads. In an era of artificial intelligence, the photograph’s role as a document of evidence has again come under the spotlight. Entering this disruptive space are two new documentary photography books: Juno Gemes’s Until Justice Comes: Fifty years of the movement for Indigenous rights. Photographs 1970-2024 and Stephen Zagala’s Imagining a Real Australia: The documentary style 1950-1980. The focus of these books is vastly different. Gemes offers a contemporary history of Australia, whereas Zagala is more concerned with the documentary genre. Their existence affirms that, while the truthfulness of photography may be contested, as it has been since the medium’s nascent years, the intrinsic value of documentary photography remains undiminished. In fact, at this juncture, documentary photography may prove even more important as we grapple with notions of what is ‘real’.

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Book 1 Title: Until Justice Comes
Book 1 Subtitle: Fifty years of the movement for Indigenous rights. Photographs 1970-2024’
Book Author: Juno Gemes
Book 1 Biblio: Upswell, $65 pb, 325 pp
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Book 1 Readings Link: https://www.readings.com.au/product/9780645984026/until-justice-comes--juno-gemes--2024--9780645984026#rac:jokjjzr6ly9m
Book 2 Title: Imagining a Real Australia
Book 2 Subtitle: The documentary style 1950-1980
Book 2 Author: Stephen Zagala
Book 2 Biblio: NewSouth, $59.99 pb, 197 pp
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Book 2 Readings Link: https://www.readings.com.au/product/9781742236926/imagining-a-real-australia--stephen-zagala--2024--9781742236926#rac:jokjjzr6ly9m
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Photography finds itself at yet another crossroads. In an era of artificial intelligence, the photograph’s role as a document of evidence has again come under the spotlight. Entering this disruptive space are two new documentary photography books: Juno Gemes’s Until Justice Comes: Fifty years of the movement for Indigenous rights. Photographs 1970-2024 and Stephen Zagala’s Imagining a Real Australia: The documentary style 1950-1980. The focus of these books is vastly different. Gemes offers a contemporary history of Australia, whereas Zagala is more concerned with the documentary genre. Their existence affirms that, while the truthfulness of photography may be contested, as it has been since the medium’s nascent years, the intrinsic value of documentary photography remains undiminished. In fact, at this juncture, documentary photography may prove even more important as we grapple with notions of what is ‘real’.

Read more: Alison Stieven-Taylor reviews ‘Until Justice Comes: Fifty years of the movement for Indigenous...

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Beth Kearney reviews ‘The Use of Photography’ by Annie Ernaux and Marc Marie
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Article Title: Sinking into the folds
Article Subtitle: Annie Ernaux rewrites grand narratives
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A chronicler of experience and a scrutineer of memory, Annie Ernaux always tries to express something universal. By recording her experiences – of the working class, social mobility, abortion, death, divorce, jealousy, affairs, desire, and more – she asks her readers to see their lives in her writing.

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Book 1 Title: The Use of Photography
Book Author: Annie Ernaux and Marc Marie, translated from the French by Alison L. Strayer
Book 1 Biblio: Seven Stories, Press $45 pb, 144 pp
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A chronicler of experience and a scrutineer of memory, Annie Ernaux always tries to express something universal. By recording her experiences – of the working class, social mobility, abortion, death, divorce, jealousy, affairs, desire, and more – she asks her readers to see their lives in her writing.

Photography is often a tool in this project; Ernaux uses it to interrogate the ways we look back at life and preserve memories. She describes images – be they real, imagined, or lost – and writes scenes as though she were a photographer observing the world and snapping it for posterity. As she suggests in the final lines of her chef-d’œuvre, The Years (2017), she strives to ‘[s]ave something from the time where we will never be again’.

Read more: Beth Kearney reviews ‘The Use of Photography’ by Annie Ernaux and Marc Marie

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Glyn Davis reviews ‘The Titans of the Twentieth Century: How they made history and the history they made’ by Michael Mandelbaum
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Article Title: Does leadership matter?
Article Subtitle: A portrait of eight key leaders
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In his 2015 study of Joseph Stalin, historian Stephen Kotkin suggested that the Bolshevik revolution could have been stopped by just two bullets: one aimed at Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, hiding across the border in Finland but pressing the Bolshevik Party to seize power; a second bullet for Leon Trotsky, on the ground in Petrograd as a determined band of Red Guards, sailors, and soldiers stormed the Winter Palace.

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Book 1 Title: The Titans of the Twentieth Century
Book 1 Subtitle: How they made history and the history they made
Book Author: Michael Mandelbaum
Book 1 Biblio: Oxford University Press, £26.99 hb, 347 pp
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In his 2015 study of Joseph Stalin, historian Stephen Kotkin suggested that the Bolshevik revolution could have been stopped by just two bullets: one aimed at Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, hiding across the border in Finland but pressing the Bolshevik Party to seize power; a second bullet for Leon Trotsky, on the ground in Petrograd as a determined band of Red Guards, sailors, and soldiers stormed the Winter Palace.

Kotkin was stressing the many contingencies which shaped the outcome. Lenin’s plan was resisted by most Bolshevik leaders. Trotsky had been aligned with the rival Mensheviks. Force of personality decided the outcome. A relentless Lenin cajoled, threatened, and pleaded until his party agreed to risk all. Ahead was a bitter civil war, but eventually a political philosophy and state built on Leninist principles.

Read more: Glyn Davis reviews ‘The Titans of the Twentieth Century: How they made history and the history...

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Frank Bongiorno reviews ‘The Wakefield Companion to South Australian History’ edited by Wilfrid Prest
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Article Title: Murdoch, Unaipon and OAFs
Article Subtitle: A timely new reference to South Australia
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The Wakefield Companion to South Australian History announced itself in 2001 as ‘a landmark publication, the first such work of reference for any Australian state or territory’. This new edition, which adds entries, updates others, and lands with a thump at almost 200 pages more than the previous volume, is especially timely in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, which magnified awareness of the differences between the histories and cultures of the Australian states.

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Book 1 Title: The Wakefield Companion to South Australian History
Book 1 Subtitle: Second Edition
Book Author: Wilfrid Prest
Book 1 Biblio: Wakefield Press, $70 pb, 812 pp
Book 1 Author Type: Editor
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The Wakefield Companion to South Australian History announced itself in 2001 as ‘a landmark publication, the first such work of reference for any Australian state or territory’. This new edition, which adds entries, updates others, and lands with a thump at almost 200 pages more than the previous volume, is especially timely in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, which magnified awareness of the differences between the histories and cultures of the Australian states.

Read more: Frank Bongiorno reviews ‘The Wakefield Companion to South Australian History’ edited by Wilfrid...

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Marilyn Lake reviews ‘The Migrant’s Jail: An American history of mass incarceration’ by Brianna Nofil
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Article Title: The carceral state
Article Subtitle: A deep history of migrant imprisonment
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How can a self-proclaimed nation of immigrants,’ asks Brianna Nofil, the author of The Migrant’s Jail, ‘also be a place that imprisons tens of thousands of immigrants, exiles, and refugees?’ In answering that question, Nofil, an assistant professor of history at William and Mary, researches the history of the crucial role of local county jails and their widespread deployment by the federal government to build the largest migrant detention and deportation system in the world. Incarceration was the prelude to deportation.

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Book 1 Title: The Migrant’s Jail
Book 1 Subtitle: An American history of mass incarceration
Book Author: Brianna Nofil
Book 1 Biblio: Princeton University Press, $57.99 hb, 336 pp
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How can a self-proclaimed nation of immigrants,’ asks Brianna Nofil, the author of The Migrant’s Jail, ‘also be a place that imprisons tens of thousands of immigrants, exiles, and refugees?’ In answering that question, Nofil, an assistant professor of history at William and Mary, researches the history of the crucial role of local county jails and their widespread deployment by the federal government to build the largest migrant detention and deportation system in the world. Incarceration was the prelude to deportation.

Read more: Marilyn Lake reviews ‘The Migrant’s Jail: An American history of mass incarceration’ by Brianna...

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‘Keep’, a new poem by Niall Campbell
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What lasts as well as this illustration of the ark
kept over since childhood? The closed cabin,

that dark indoors, huge and somehow private,
like all homes of love. The shake of the storm

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What lasts as well as this illustration of the ark
kept over since childhood? The closed cabin,

that dark indoors, huge and somehow private,
like all homes of love. The shake of the storm

Read more: ‘Keep’, a new poem by Niall Campbell

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Jane Sullivan reviews ‘The Buried Life’ by Andrea Goldsmith
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Article Title: The river of life
Article Subtitle: A subterranean novel
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Adrian is a professor at a top Australian university and his specialty is death. He lectures on it, writes books on it. Both his parents died when he was a child, one by suicide, but those are long-forgotten events that have nothing to do with his life’s work.

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Book 1 Title: The Buried Life
Book Author: Andrea Goldsmith
Book 1 Biblio: Transit Lounge $34.99 pb, 318 pp
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Adrian is a professor at a top Australian university and his specialty is death. He lectures on it, writes books on it. Both his parents died when he was a child, one by suicide, but those are long-forgotten events that have nothing to do with his life’s work.

A pretty strong level of denial is going on here, you might think. It is what lies beneath denial that is Andrea Goldsmith’s theme. She takes the title of her novel from a Matthew Arnold poem of the same name that explores fundamental thoughts and emotions that we keep hidden away from others and from ourselves. Apt in the repressed world of nineteenth-century England – and, it would seem, no less apt in the post-Freudian, comparatively liberated world of twenty-first-century Australia.

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Jonathan Ricketson reviews ‘The Empusium: A health report horror story’ by Olga Tokarczuk
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Article Title: Patriarchal horror
Article Subtitle: A bizarre curio from the Nobel laureate
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The title of The Empusium, the newly translated work by Polish writer Olga Tokarczuk, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, is an invention. It is a portmanteau that fuses masculine and feminine literary allusions: first, Plato’s Symposium, which tells of a drunken Athenian banquet in which great statesmen give speeches on the nature of love; second, the empusa, a shape-shifting female demon who, according to Greek mythology, had the sirenic ability to lure and prey upon young men.

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Book 1 Title: The Empusium
Book 1 Subtitle: A health report horror story
Book Author: Olga Tokarczuk, translated from the Polish by Antonia Lloyd-Jones
Book 1 Biblio: Text Publishing, $34.99 pb, 320 pp
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The title of The Empusium, the newly translated work by Polish writer Olga Tokarczuk, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, is an invention. It is a portmanteau that fuses masculine and feminine literary allusions: first, Plato’s Symposium, which tells of a drunken Athenian banquet in which great statesmen give speeches on the nature of love; second, the empusa, a shape-shifting female demon who, according to Greek mythology, had the sirenic ability to lure and prey upon young men.

Read more: Jonathan Ricketson reviews ‘The Empusium: A health report horror story’ by Olga Tokarczuk

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Andrew van der Vlies reviews ‘Theft’ by Abdulrazak Gurnah
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Article Title: Chance
Article Subtitle: A novel with a Conradian debt
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What’s in a novel’s epigraph – this one for example: ‘In a general way it’s very difficult for one to become remarkable’? We might read these words as an elliptical suggestion that the narrative we are about to encounter will raise the question of character. Perhaps we will witness one or more characters struggling to achieve something out of the ordinary – or struggling in entirely unremarkable ways, remaining unremarkable. Such is the stuff of much of the best fiction, after all, as well as the course of most lives.

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Book 1 Title: Theft
Book Author: Abdulrazak Gurnah
Book 1 Biblio: Bloomsbury, $32.99 pb, 351 pp
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What’s in a novel’s epigraph – this one for example: ‘In a general way it’s very difficult for one to become remarkable’? We might read these words as an elliptical suggestion that the narrative we are about to encounter will raise the question of character. Perhaps we will witness one or more characters struggling to achieve something out of the ordinary – or struggling in entirely unremarkable ways, remaining unremarkable. Such is the stuff of much of the best fiction, after all, as well as the course of most lives.

Read more: Andrew van der Vlies reviews ‘Theft’ by Abdulrazak Gurnah

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Diane Stubbings reviews ‘Twist: A novel’ by Colum McCann
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Article Title: Horror time
Article Subtitle: A contemplative and confounding novel
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Connections made across time and space have long been a focal point of Irish writer Colum McCann’s oeuvre. From the construction of the first railway tunnels under New York (This Side of Brightness, 1998) to his singular portrayal of the history and emotional toll of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in Apeirogon (2020), McCann has weighed what it means to tether oneself to another person, another place, another moment in history. Even his recent foray into non-fiction – American Mother (2024), written with Diane Foley, whose journalist son James was brutally murdered by ISIS – concerns itself with Foley’s attempt to find some sort of bridge between herself and her son’s killers.

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Book 1 Title: Twist
Book 1 Subtitle: A novel
Book Author: Colum McCann
Book 1 Biblio: Bloomsbury, $32.99 pb, 239 pp
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Connections made across time and space have long been a focal point of Irish writer Colum McCann’s oeuvre. From the construction of the first railway tunnels under New York (This Side of Brightness, 1998) to his singular portrayal of the history and emotional toll of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in Apeirogon (2020), McCann has weighed what it means to tether oneself to another person, another place, another moment in history. Even his recent foray into non-fiction – American Mother (2024), written with Diane Foley, whose journalist son James was brutally murdered by ISIS – concerns itself with Foley’s attempt to find some sort of bridge between herself and her son’s killers.

Read more: Diane Stubbings reviews ‘Twist: A novel’ by Colum McCann

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Eleanor Spencer-Regan reviews ‘The Eyes Are the Best Part’ by Monika Kim and ‘Thirst’ by Marina Yuszczuk
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Article Title: ‘Your body, my chow’
Article Subtitle: Two novels about female appetite
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In 2018, the Oxford English Dictionary added the word ‘hangry’, defined as ‘bad-tempered or irritable as a result of hunger’. Incidentally, the word ‘mansplain’ was also added in 2018. If you are not familiar with this one, I am sure there is a man nearby who will be happy to enlighten you. Reading Monika Kim’s début novel, The Eyes Are the Best Part, I began to wonder whether we may now need a word to describe the inverse state of being ‘hungry as a result of being bad-tempered or irritable’. Some onomatopoeic portmanteau of ‘rage’ and ‘ravening’, perhaps?

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Book 1 Title: The Eyes Are the Best Part
Book Author: Monika Kim
Book 1 Biblio: Brazen, $34.99 pb, 289 pp
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Book 1 Readings Link: https://www.readings.com.au/product/9781840918397/the-eyes-are-the-best-part--monika-kim--2024--9781840918397#rac:jokjjzr6ly9m
Book 2 Title: Thirst
Book 2 Author: Marina Yuszczuk, translated from the Spanish by Heather Cleary
Book 2 Biblio: Scribe, $29.99 pb, 256 pp
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In 2018, the Oxford English Dictionary added the word ‘hangry’, defined as ‘bad-tempered or irritable as a result of hunger’. Incidentally, the word ‘mansplain’ was also added in 2018. If you are not familiar with this one, I am sure there is a man nearby who will be happy to enlighten you. Reading Monika Kim’s début novel, The Eyes Are the Best Part, I began to wonder whether we may now need a word to describe the inverse state of being ‘hungry as a result of being bad-tempered or irritable’. Some onomatopoeic portmanteau of ‘rage’ and ‘ravening’, perhaps?

Read more: Eleanor Spencer-Regan reviews ‘The Eyes Are the Best Part’ by Monika Kim and ‘Thirst’ by Marina...

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Christopher Allen reviews ‘The Diaries of Fred Williams, 1963-1970’ edited by Patrick McCaughey with John Timlin
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Article Title: The painted word
Article Subtitle: The logic of an artist’s life
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The diaries of Fred Williams (1927-82) invite the inevitable, unfair, but instructive comparison with those of Donald Friend; unlike the latter, they are not a masterpiece of witty and incisive prose, filled with insightful and indiscreet comments about contemporaries, the life of the artist, and the social and cultural world of the author’s time. They are plainly written observations on the day-to-day life of a hard-working painter, with an emphasis on the practical; it would be wrong to describe them as modest or self-effacing, for manifestly they were not written with any thought of publication. Friend, steeped in the culture of past centuries, was well aware of composing a literary work like the great diarists of earlier generations; Williams was jotting down, especially at the outset, largely professional notes in a standard page-to-a-day business diary.

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Book 1 Title: The Diaries of Fred Williams, 1963-1970
Book Author: Patrick McCaughey with John Timlin
Book 1 Biblio: Miegunyah Press, $120 hb, 658 pp
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The diaries of Fred Williams (1927-82) invite the inevitable, unfair, but instructive comparison with those of Donald Friend; unlike the latter, they are not a masterpiece of witty and incisive prose, filled with insightful and indiscreet comments about contemporaries, the life of the artist, and the social and cultural world of the author’s time. They are plainly written observations on the day-to-day life of a hard-working painter, with an emphasis on the practical; it would be wrong to describe them as modest or self-effacing, for manifestly they were not written with any thought of publication. Friend, steeped in the culture of past centuries, was well aware of composing a literary work like the great diarists of earlier generations; Williams was jotting down, especially at the outset, largely professional notes in a standard page-to-a-day business diary.

Read more: Christopher Allen reviews ‘The Diaries of Fred Williams, 1963-1970’ edited by Patrick McCaughey...

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Eleanor Spencer-Regan reviews ‘The Letters of Emily Dickinson’ edited by Cristanne Miller and Domhnall Mitchell
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Article Title: Telling it slant
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In his introduction to The Letters of Emily Dickinson (1958), Thomas H. Johnson asserted that Dickinson ‘did not live in history and held no view of it, past or current’ and that her ‘rejection of society … shows itself to have been total, not only physically but psychically’. This paternalistic miscasting of Dickinson as the fey ‘Myth’ of Amherst, clad in her snow-white dress, began in the poet’s own lifetime (1830-86) and persisted well into the twentieth century. Ironically, Dickinson was aware of her inadvertent mystique, writing to her cousin, ‘Won’t you tell “the public” that at present I wear a brown dress with a cape if possible browner, and carry a parasol of the same!’

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Book 1 Title: The Letters of Emily Dickinson
Book Author: Cristanne Miller and Domhnall Mitchell
Book 1 Biblio: Harvard University Press, US$49.95 hb, 965 pp
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In his introduction to The Letters of Emily Dickinson (1958), Thomas H. Johnson asserted that Dickinson ‘did not live in history and held no view of it, past or current’ and that her ‘rejection of society … shows itself to have been total, not only physically but psychically’. This paternalistic miscasting of Dickinson as the fey ‘Myth’ of Amherst, clad in her snow-white dress, began in the poet’s own lifetime (1830-86) and persisted well into the twentieth century. Ironically, Dickinson was aware of her inadvertent mystique, writing to her cousin, ‘Won’t you tell “the public” that at present I wear a brown dress with a cape if possible browner, and carry a parasol of the same!’

Read more: Eleanor Spencer-Regan reviews ‘The Letters of Emily Dickinson’ edited by Cristanne Miller and...

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‘The Stone’, a new poem by Judith Beveridge
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A motorboat’s propellor chops like a machete across the tide
sending a swift, breaking wave to the shore. I walk slowly
over rocks that are scored, overhung by a low, acned cliff.
In one of the rockpools an octopus stretches away

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i.m. Dorothy Porter

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Paul Giles reviews ‘The Years of Theory: Postwar French thought to the present’ and ‘Inventions of a Present: The novel in its crisis of globalization’ by Fredric Jameson
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Article Title: Highways and byways
Article Subtitle: Fredric Jameson in a more informal vein
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Fredric Jameson, who died in September 2024 at the age of ninety, was one of the great literary and cultural critics of our time. He spent most of his academic career at Duke University in North Carolina and published two books around the time of his death: Inventions of a Present just before, The Years of Theory just after. The first is a collection of essays on the novel originally written between 1972 and 2022, mostly for the London Review of Books and the New Left Review. The second is a transcript of a seminar series on French cultural thought between 1945 and the 1990s that Jameson taught at Duke in the first semester of 2021, at the age of eighty-six. These classes were recorded for posterity because they took place during the Covid era and were captured on the video technology he was using for teaching.

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Fredric Jameson, who died in September 2024 at the age of ninety, was one of the great literary and cultural critics of our time. He spent most of his academic career at Duke University in North Carolina and published two books around the time of his death: Inventions of a Present just before, The Years of Theory just after. The first is a collection of essays on the novel originally written between 1972 and 2022, mostly for the London Review of Books and the New Left Review. The second is a transcript of a seminar series on French cultural thought between 1945 and the 1990s that Jameson taught at Duke in the first semester of 2021, at the age of eighty-six. These classes were recorded for posterity because they took place during the Covid era and were captured on the video technology he was using for teaching.

Read more: Paul Giles reviews ‘The Years of Theory: Postwar French thought to the present’ and ‘Inventions of...

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Stephen Regan reviews ‘On James Baldwin’ by Colm Tóibín
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Colm Tóibín has that special distinction among contemporary writers of being both a first-rate novelist and an acutely discerning critic. In recent years, as well as publishing some magnificent novels, among them Brooklyn (2009), Nora Webster (2014), and Long Island (2024), he has written searching critical studies of other writers, including Elizabeth Bishop (2015). His latest critical work, On James Baldwin, was published in 2024 to coincide with the centenary of Baldwin’s birth. It grew out of the Mandel Lectures in the Humanities that Tóibín delivered at Brandeis University, but it also draws on a long and passionate engagement with Baldwin’s work, including an essay on Baldwin and Barack Obama published in the New York Review of Books in 2008.

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Colm Tóibín has that special distinction among contemporary writers of being both a first-rate novelist and an acutely discerning critic. In recent years, as well as publishing some magnificent novels, among them Brooklyn (2009), Nora Webster (2014), and Long Island (2024), he has written searching critical studies of other writers, including Elizabeth Bishop (2015). His latest critical work, On James Baldwin, was published in 2024 to coincide with the centenary of Baldwin’s birth. It grew out of the Mandel Lectures in the Humanities that Tóibín delivered at Brandeis University, but it also draws on a long and passionate engagement with Baldwin’s work, including an essay on Baldwin and Barack Obama published in the New York Review of Books in 2008.

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John Hawke reviews ‘Code Name Puritan: Norman Holmes Pearson at the nexus of poetry, espionage, and American power’ by Greg Barnhisel
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In his brief Foreword to H.D.’s posthumous collection, Hermetic Definition (1974), Yale Professor Norman Holmes Pearson (1909-75) provides an authoritatively crystalline summary of the poet’s life’s work. Asserting the primacy of her later poetry, the ‘war trilogy’ (1942-44) and Helen in Egypt (1961), Pearson recovers H.D. from her accepted but ‘inadequate’ typecasting as an Imagist, identifying her deployment of Freud as ‘a great mythologist’ in her highly personal engagement with hermetic and kabbalistic sources.

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In his brief Foreword to H.D.’s posthumous collection, Hermetic Definition (1974), Yale Professor Norman Holmes Pearson (1909-75) provides an authoritatively crystalline summary of the poet’s life’s work. Asserting the primacy of her later poetry, the ‘war trilogy’ (1942-44) and Helen in Egypt (1961), Pearson recovers H.D. from her accepted but ‘inadequate’ typecasting as an Imagist, identifying her deployment of Freud as ‘a great mythologist’ in her highly personal engagement with hermetic and kabbalistic sources.

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Zora Simic reviews ‘Indie Porn: Revolution, regulation and resistance’ by Zahra Stardust
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Zahra Stardust is, in her own words, ‘a sex worker in the academy’ who champions the ‘epistemology of whores’, a term she coined to describe the ‘unique lens through which sex workers know about the world’. As she impressively models in her first book, Indie Porn: Revolution, regulation and resistance, published in Duke University Press’s innovative Camera Obscura series, this epistemology is multifaceted and multi-purpose. Stardust, a research fellow at Queensland University of Technology, takes us behind the scenes, while expanding what a book about pornography can be. Against enduring ‘whore stigma’, which functions to keep sex workers at society’s margins and ‘sex’ within heteronormative bounds, Stardust flips the script. Sex workers, and in particular porn performers like herself and the many others whom she interviews and cites, have much to tell the rest of us about the algorithmic, gig economy world we all live in.

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Zahra Stardust is, in her own words, ‘a sex worker in the academy’ who champions the ‘epistemology of whores’, a term she coined to describe the ‘unique lens through which sex workers know about the world’. As she impressively models in her first book, Indie Porn: Revolution, regulation and resistance, published in Duke University Press’s innovative Camera Obscura series, this epistemology is multifaceted and multi-purpose. Stardust, a research fellow at Queensland University of Technology, takes us behind the scenes, while expanding what a book about pornography can be. Against enduring ‘whore stigma’, which functions to keep sex workers at society’s margins and ‘sex’ within heteronormative bounds, Stardust flips the script. Sex workers, and in particular porn performers like herself and the many others whom she interviews and cites, have much to tell the rest of us about the algorithmic, gig economy world we all live in.

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Wilfrid Prest reviews ‘Essays That Changed Australia: Meanjin 1940 to today’ edited by Esther Anatolitis
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John Tregenza’s 1963 study of Australian Little Magazines noted that neither Meanjin nor its near-contemporary Southerly could be characterised as ‘little’, unlike their predecessors and earlier selves. No longer solely dependent on subscription income from a small local band of devotees, both had attracted a wide following. Indeed on transferring his journal from Brisbane to the University of Melbourne in 1945, Meanjin’s Clem Christesen claimed that it had become ‘a well-established quarterly ... with a circulation of 4,000 copies per issue’.

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John Tregenza’s 1963 study of Australian Little Magazines noted that neither Meanjin nor its near-contemporary Southerly could be characterised as ‘little’, unlike their predecessors and earlier selves. No longer solely dependent on subscription income from a small local band of devotees, both had attracted a wide following. Indeed on transferring his journal from Brisbane to the University of Melbourne in 1945, Meanjin’s Clem Christesen claimed that it had become ‘a well-established quarterly ... with a circulation of 4,000 copies per issue’.

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‘My unread books’ by Andrea Goldsmith
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Reading fiction is an intimate business. For ten, fifteen, twenty hours of glorious solitude, you engage with ideas, events, and, most especially, characters located in periods and places not your own. The connection with fictional characters can sometimes feel more real and enduring than relationships with real people. For a few years in my youth, I was so deeply attached to the young Hurtle Duffield in Patrick White’s The Vivisector that I wrote a short story in which Hurtle and I lived with Patrick White and Virginia Woolf in Bloomsbury.

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Reading fiction is an intimate business. For ten, fifteen, twenty hours of glorious solitude, you engage with ideas, events, and, most especially, characters located in periods and places not your own. The connection with fictional characters can sometimes feel more real and enduring than relationships with real people. For a few years in my youth, I was so deeply attached to the young Hurtle Duffield in Patrick White’s The Vivisector that I wrote a short story in which Hurtle and I lived with Patrick White and Virginia Woolf in Bloomsbury.

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Michael Shmith reviews ‘Carlo Felice Cillario: Italian maestro of the Australian Opera’ by Stephen Mould
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My first experience of Carlo Felice Cillario was in March 1969, when he conducted the Elizabethan Trust Opera’s production of Verdi’s Un ballo in maschera at Her Majesty’s Theatre, Melbourne. I had never seen the opera; nor had I heard of its conductor, whose triple-barrelled name was more indicative of a musical marking than something that belonged to an active musician. ‘Active’ was certainly the word: Cillario rushed into the pit and, afterwards, practically danced on to the stage, baton still in hand, to rapturous applause. In between, the actual performance was the first time I really connected to the compelling vivacity and innate drama of live opera. It helped immeasurably that the cast included the great Australian tenor Donald Smith as King Gustavus III. That night, all of it, still resounds in my mind.

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My first experience of Carlo Felice Cillario was in March 1969, when he conducted the Elizabethan Trust Opera’s production of Verdi’s Un ballo in maschera at Her Majesty’s Theatre, Melbourne. I had never seen the opera; nor had I heard of its conductor, whose triple-barrelled name was more indicative of a musical marking than something that belonged to an active musician. ‘Active’ was certainly the word: Cillario rushed into the pit and, afterwards, practically danced on to the stage, baton still in hand, to rapturous applause. In between, the actual performance was the first time I really connected to the compelling vivacity and innate drama of live opera. It helped immeasurably that the cast included the great Australian tenor Donald Smith as King Gustavus III. That night, all of it, still resounds in my mind.

Read more: Michael Shmith reviews ‘Carlo Felice Cillario: Italian maestro of the Australian Opera’ by Stephen...

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Richard Leathem reviews ‘Australia at the Movies: The ultimate guide to modern Australian cinema 1990-2020’ by David Stratton
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In this much-delayed final instalment of David Stratton’s trilogy on Australian cinema, the use of the word ‘ultimate’ in the book’s subtitle is no hyperbole. Stratton has been a film critic, television presenter, historian, and lecturer for sixty years, and during that time he has been assiduously recording information on the countless home-grown films he has seen. His knowledge of the local film industry is formidable and possibly peerless.

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In this much-delayed final instalment of David Stratton’s trilogy on Australian cinema, the use of the word ‘ultimate’ in the book’s subtitle is no hyperbole. Stratton has been a film critic, television presenter, historian, and lecturer for sixty years, and during that time he has been assiduously recording information on the countless home-grown films he has seen. His knowledge of the local film industry is formidable and possibly peerless.

The ‘modern’ of the subtitle refers to the years 1990-2020. Originally, the intention was to follow the pattern of his preceding two books on Australian cinema, The Last New Wave: The Australian film revival (1980) and The Avocado Plantation: Boom or bust in the Australian film industry (1990). The former covered local films from the 1970s and the latter the 1980s. Stratton’s intention to continue with a third edition covering the 1990s was stymied by his commitments as co-presenter of The Movie Show on SBS TV.

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Felicity Plunkett reviews ‘We Speak of Flowers’ by Eileen Chong
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In Li-Young Lee’s ‘Furious Versions’, a poem reckoning with his family’s exile, there is a question: ‘How then, may I / speak of flowers / here, where / a world of forms convulses.’ Eileen Chong draws these lines into her sixth book of poetry as an epigraph, reorienting them to find her title, expanding Lee’s first-person singular into the plural ‘we’, its question into statement. This drawing-into-connection and shifting is central to Chong’s poetics, established in her striking début collection, Burning Rice (2011), which includes an image linking women, flowers, and power. ‘The Flower of Forgetting’ ends: ‘Women can be strong. Flowers too.’

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In Li-Young Lee’s ‘Furious Versions’, a poem reckoning with his family’s exile, there is a question: ‘How then, may I / speak of flowers / here, where / a world of forms convulses.’ Eileen Chong draws these lines into her sixth book of poetry as an epigraph, reorienting them to find her title, expanding Lee’s first-person singular into the plural ‘we’, its question into statement. This drawing-into-connection and shifting is central to Chong’s poetics, established in her striking début collection, Burning Rice (2011), which includes an image linking women, flowers, and power. ‘The Flower of Forgetting’ ends: ‘Women can be strong. Flowers too.’

Read more: Felicity Plunkett reviews ‘We Speak of Flowers’ by Eileen Chong

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Geoff Page reviews ‘WWIII: New poems’ by Jennifer Maiden
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It is worth noting that Jennifer Maiden, along with the present reviewer, seems to be one of the few Australian poets born in the 1940s who is still writing. Each of us has to be careful now (as Peter Goldsworthy wrote long ago) that we are not ‘Carving this same face / out of soap, each morning / slightly less perfectly’.

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It is worth noting that Jennifer Maiden, along with the present reviewer, seems to be one of the few Australian poets born in the 1940s who is still writing. Each of us has to be careful now (as Peter Goldsworthy wrote long ago) that we are not ‘Carving this same face / out of soap, each morning / slightly less perfectly’.

The solution of Jennifer Maiden (b. 1949) to this eternal problem has been to publish a new book every year or so focusing on the changing – and, so far, endless – hypocrisies and double standards exhibited by local and international politicians, particularly those admired by the left, the side of politics which Maiden also seems to support, albeit it in a sometimes uncomfortable manner.

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Poet of the Month with Eileen Chong
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Eileen Chong is an award-winning poet of Hakka, Hokkien and Peranakan descent. She is the author of eleven books. Her most recent book is We Speak of Flowers. She lives and works on unceded Gadigal land of the Eora Nation.

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Eileen Chong CREDIT TRAVIS DE VRIES(photograph by Travis De Vries)Eileen Chong is an award-winning poet of Hakka, Hokkien and Peranakan descent. She is the author of eleven books. Her most recent book is We Speak of Flowers. She lives and works on unceded Gadigal land of the Eora Nation.

 

 

 


Which poets have influenced you most?

Philip Levine, Li Young-Lee, Rainer Maria Rilke, Alice Oswald, Li Qingzhao.

Are poems chiefly inspired or crafted?

Poems can and often do arise from inspiration, but for me it is in the crafting that they inch towards the truest versions of themselves.

What prompts a new poem?

A hunger, a humming, a desire for wholeness, or for breaking something open.

What circumstances are ideal for writing poetry?

When the bills are paid, food is on the table, and the housework done. When the days and nights are quiet and filled with peace and contentment. Conversely, some of the best poetry is written when one is thrust into uncertain territory and must write to make sense of it.

Roughly how many drafts do you produce before ‘finishing’ a poem?

It depends on the poem. Some of my poems have come into being fully formed and seemingly in a flash; others have needed as many as thirty drafts over a number of years.

Which poet would you most like to talk to – and why?

Gabriela Mistral, because of what she saw and lived through, and how she made an incredible life despite very poor odds.

Do you have a favourite Australian poetry collection?

Currently, it’s a three-way tie between Judith Beveridge’s Tintinnabulum, Jordie Albiston’s Fifteeners, and Boey Kim Cheng’s The Singer.

What do poets need most: solitude or a coterie?

Solitude – but maybe enjoyed alongside one’s beloved, and several cats.

Who are the poetry critics you most admire?

She is more of a cultural critic than a poetry critic, but I always learn something new from reading the thoughtful essays of Eda Gunaydin. I also feel most immersed in my craft reading the essays and lectures of poet-teachers Jane Hirshfield, Mary Oliver, Eavan Boland, Linda Gregg, and Mary Ruefle.

If Plato allowed you to keep one poem or poetry collection in his Republic, what would it be?

One book? I can’t choose. It’s an impossible task. Do you go deep or go wide? I’d probably say the Norton Anthology of Poetry, because it was the first broad anthology of poetry I ever owned. I loved being able to read many different poets across the centuries in the one book, and it helped me to understand tone, voice, and perspective, and to form my own ideas on what kind of poetry might remain eternal (which is to say, none of it).

What is your favourite line of poetry (or couplet)?

For beauty is nothing but the beginning of terror,
which we are still just able to endure.

Rainer Maria Rilke, The Duino Elegies, Part 1 (translated by Stephen Mitchell)

How can we inspire greater regard for poetry among readers?

As a poet-teacher: I think we grow them! We can infect others with our love and enthusiasm for poetry. Normalise sharing poetry with friends, family, colleagues, and strangers; talk about poetry with your doctors and plumbers, with students and children. Poetry is for everybody!

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Nicole Hasham reviews ‘On This Ground: Best Australian nature writing’ edited by Dave Witty
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For a creature born to life as a small songbird, days and nights can be treacherous. At any moment, a goshawk, a cat, or a goanna may be lurking, waiting to turn the songbird into supper. So these pretty little prey objects – scrubwrens and lorikeets and honeyeaters and the like – have developed an astute group behaviour. One bird spots the predator and issues an alarm call. Others hear it and zip out from behind branch and leaf to surround the threat, all of them twitting and hissing and flitting about, a mixed-species hullabaloo that together harasses the predator into pitiful retreat. This behaviour, known as a ‘mobbing flock’, is an evolutionary survival response. It is beautiful in its ingenuity, and the conviction it displays in the power of the collective. It is, to draw a metaphor from the literary ecosystem, an anthological act, a communal relay of meaning born of a shared inner urgency.

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For a creature born to life as a small songbird, days and nights can be treacherous. At any moment, a goshawk, a cat, or a goanna may be lurking, waiting to turn the songbird into supper. So these pretty little prey objects – scrubwrens and lorikeets and honeyeaters and the like – have developed an astute group behaviour. One bird spots the predator and issues an alarm call. Others hear it and zip out from behind branch and leaf to surround the threat, all of them twitting and hissing and flitting about, a mixed-species hullabaloo that together harasses the predator into pitiful retreat. This behaviour, known as a ‘mobbing flock’, is an evolutionary survival response. It is beautiful in its ingenuity, and the conviction it displays in the power of the collective. It is, to draw a metaphor from the literary ecosystem, an anthological act, a communal relay of meaning born of a shared inner urgency.

Read more: Nicole Hasham reviews ‘On This Ground: Best Australian nature writing’ edited by Dave Witty

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Peter Menkhorst reviews ‘Mr & Mrs Gould’ by Grantlee Kieza
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For much of the nineteenth century, John Gould (1804-81) was known internationally as ‘the bird man’. His fame derived from two main sources: first, as the author and publisher of a series of sumptuous, folio-sized books featuring beautiful, hand-coloured lithographs of birds from particular regions or spectacular bird families; secondly, by using his position as an ornithologist at the Zoological Society of London to amass an unequalled collection of stuffed birds to use as reference material. Such was his fame that collectors and natural scientists from Charles Darwin down sought his advice about species identities and relationships. In a local context, Gould is rightfully regarded as a giant of Australian ornithology. He described and named over 400 species of birds and mammals collected in Australia.

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For much of the nineteenth century, John Gould (1804-81) was known internationally as ‘the bird man’. His fame derived from two main sources: first, as the author and publisher of a series of sumptuous, folio-sized books featuring beautiful, hand-coloured lithographs of birds from particular regions or spectacular bird families; secondly, by using his position as an ornithologist at the Zoological Society of London to amass an unequalled collection of stuffed birds to use as reference material. Such was his fame that collectors and natural scientists from Charles Darwin down sought his advice about species identities and relationships. In a local context, Gould is rightfully regarded as a giant of Australian ornithology. He described and named over 400 species of birds and mammals collected in Australia.

Read more: Peter Menkhorst reviews ‘Mr & Mrs Gould’ by Grantlee Kieza

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Open Page with Caro Llewellyn
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Caro Llewellyn is the author of four works of non-fiction, including her Stella Prize-shortlisted memoir, Diving into Glass (2019).  For more than three decades, she has worked with writers variously in publishing and as a festival director and human rights advocate in Australia, France, and the United States, where she lives. Love Unedited, her first novel, is published this month.

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Caro Llewellyn credit Alexis Jabour(photograph by Alexis Jabour)Caro Llewellyn is the author of four works of non-fiction, including her Stella Prize-shortlisted memoir, Diving into Glass (2019).  For more than three decades, she has worked with writers variously in publishing and as a festival director and human rights advocate in Australia, France, and the United States, where she lives. Love Unedited, her first novel, is published this month.

 

 

 


If you could go anywhere tomorrow, where would it be?

Somewhere where people are put above profits and greed, and where those fleeing persecution are welcomed and supported, not treated like criminals.

What’s your idea of hell?

The United States in 2025 and the many other countries dangerously following the playbook that got us here.

What do you consider the most specious virtue?

Sentimentality. As a practical person, I dislike sentimentality’s ability to crowd out reason.

What’s your favourite film?

A French movie from 2012 called De rouille et d’os or Rust and Bone in English, directed by Jacques Audiard. The script combined two unconnected short stories by Canadian author Craig Davidson: ‘Rust and Bone’ and ‘Rocket Ride’.

And your favourite book?

I find it impossible to walk to a shelf, pick one out of so many and say, ‘This is it, this is my favourite!’ Gilead by Marilynne Robinson would be one, What I Loved by Siri Hustvedt another, Tiger’s Eye by Inga Clendinnen, Bel Canto by Ann Patchett …

Name the three people with whom you would most like to dine.

In 2011, I was invited to the White House as the guest of Philip Roth, who was being awarded the National Humanities Medal by then President Barack Obama. Unfortunately, I was overseas and couldn’t attend, but I would really have liked to be at that dinner with Philip, and Barack and Michelle Obama.

Which word do you most dislike, and which one would you like to see back in public usage?

The word ‘that’ has quietly crept into overuse. When we say it in a spoken sentence, it’s not so annoying, but nine times out of ten when you read the word that in a sentence, you could lose it and lose none of the meaning. Once you start looking for it, you see it’s everywhere and, in most cases, superfluous and supremely annoying. I’m all for a little cussing every now and then.

Who is your favourite author?

Since I first read her astonishing book Nine Parts of Desire many decades ago now, Geraldine Brooks has been a writer whose next book I await eagerly. I’m very much looking forward to her new memoir. Like Joan Didion, Geraldine will make something beautiful and lasting from loss and pain.

And your favourite literary hero or heroine?

Scout and her father Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird.

Which qualities do you most admire in a writer?

An unflinching view of the world, plus deep empathy for human frailty.

Which book influenced you most in your youth?

My father had polio, so reading Alan Marshall’s I Can Jump Puddles was something of a revelation. No one much talked about polio back then; reading a book whose protaganist had polio was wonderful.

Name an early literary idol or influence whom you no longer admire – or vice versa.

I have been very disturbed to learn about what happened to Alice Munro’s daughter and find myself unable to reconcile the choices Alice made. I won’t be rereading any of her stories again.

Do you have a favourite podcast?

I confess I am not an avid podcast listener – apologies to the devotees!

What, if anything, impedes your writing?

Work! Last year, I received a grant from Creative Australia, which enabled me to leave my role as CEO of the Wheeler Centre for Books, Writing and Ideas and focus on finishing my first novel, Love Unedited. It was the greatest gift!

What qualities do you look for in critics?

Fierce intelligence and brutal honesty.

How do you find working with editors?

Editors are the magic makers. I often feel my editors should be acknowledged on the front cover with me. A good editor makes everything I write so much better – clearer, cleaner, more accurate.

What do you think of writers’ festivals?

As a former festival director, I’m an avid fan of well-curated and thoughtful programs that free writers to talk about their work. As a writer, I’m also a fan because a festival allows you to speak to and meet a lot of readers all in one place!

Are artists valued in our society?

No, not nearly enough. We often measure worth by monetary remuneration. Most writers in Australia earn less than $20,000 a year for their work, which speaks volumes about how much we value writers and their contribution.

What are you working on now?

I’ve just started toying with a seed of an idea about tyrants, but it’s no more than a sketch right now. Although I think I have a title: The Party.

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Graham Strahle reviews ‘Ev’ry Valley: A tenor’s journey’ by Thomas Edmonds
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One of Australia’s most successful tenors and in his ninetieth year, Thomas Edmonds has put pen to paper in what might be his swansong. Ev’ry Valley: A tenor’s journey is a prodigiously detailed account of his life, and quite a marvel for what it contains. All his memories and ruminations are contained in its 313 pages, and the book is arranged in a most unusual way: by abode. A singer’s life is on the road, one might say, and this has surely been the case with Edmond. No less than thirty addresses are the subject of each of its chapters, starting in rural South Australia where he grew up, expanding geographically as he went on to win a talent quest television program in the 1960s, and reaching further career heights in the United Kingdom in the 1970s.

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One of Australia’s most successful tenors and in his ninetieth year, Thomas Edmonds has put pen to paper in what might be his swansong. Ev’ry Valley: A tenor’s journey is a prodigiously detailed account of his life, and quite a marvel for what it contains. All his memories and ruminations are contained in its 313 pages, and the book is arranged in a most unusual way: by abode. A singer’s life is on the road, one might say, and this has surely been the case with Edmond. No less than thirty addresses are the subject of each of its chapters, starting in rural South Australia where he grew up, expanding geographically as he went on to win a talent quest television program in the 1960s, and reaching further career heights in the United Kingdom in the 1970s.

Read more: Graham Strahle reviews ‘Ev’ry Valley: A tenor’s journey’ by Thomas Edmonds

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