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April 1981, no. 29

Welcome to the October 1983 issue of Australian Book Review!

Lyn Jacobs reviews Patrick White by Brian Kiernan
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Article Title: White Interpretations
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Despite the title of the parent program, the aims of the Commonwealth Writers Series are not small. These paperback editions propose:



… a panoptic survey of a writer’s work, assessing its significance and merits, and conveying the critic’s enjoyment of the writer concerned, within a total length of between 96 and 176 pages. Each book will have a Survey chapter, placing the major works and events in the author’s life and times.

Book 1 Title: Patrick White
Book Author: Brian Kiernan
Book 1 Biblio: Macmillan, $7.95 pb, 147pp
Book 1 Author Type: Author
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Despite the title of the parent program, the aims of the Commonwealth Writers Series are not small. These paperback editions propose:

… a panoptic survey of a writer’s work, assessing its significance and merits, and conveying the critic’s enjoyment of the writer concerned, within a total length of between 96 and 176 pages. Each book will have a Survey chapter, placing the major works and events in the author’s life and times.

– a formidable prescription when we are ‘concerned’ with a writer as prolific and complex as Patrick White. Fortunately, the largeness of Brian Kiernan’s critical response ensures that these and the further requirements of ‘fluency, cogency and an enjoyable read’ are more than adequately met. Acutely aware of the risk of a ‘baldly schematic summary’ Kiernan manages to transcend constraint by admitting a wide range of information and opinion while selecting and directing emphasis in accordance with his personal interpretation of White’s imaginative development. The study in fact ‘feels’ larger than the book and the disparity between quality of thought and poverty of paper seems incongruous.

Read more: Lyn Jacobs reviews 'Patrick White' by Brian Kiernan

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Jennifer Strauss reviews The Poetry of Judith Wright by Edward Walker
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Contents Category: Poetry
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Article Title: A Poet in Philosophy
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In one way, this is a book to unnerve the teaching academic: it is so eminently cribbable. As a ‘handbook’ of Wright’s poetry, it ranges widely rather than intensively, offering lucid expositions and firmly delivered judgements. If these latter are sometimes, by the nature of the book, more asserted than demonstrated, they nonetheless seem usually sound and sensible: the lines quoted from ‘The Watcher’ do indeed ‘attempt, and fail, to wrest a response from the stereotyped symbols of the matriarchate’; ‘Christmas Ballad’ is banal; Fourth Quarter does represent ‘a newer and more vigorous poetic world’ than Alive.

Book 1 Title: The Poetry of Judith Wright
Book 1 Subtitle: A search for unity
Book Author: Shirley Walker
Book 1 Biblio: Edward Arnold $14.95 pb, 194 pp
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In one way, this is a book to unnerve the teaching academic: it is so eminently cribbable. As a ‘handbook’ of Wright’s poetry, it ranges widely rather than intensively, offering lucid expositions and firmly delivered judgements. If these latter are sometimes, by the nature of the book, more asserted than demonstrated, they nonetheless seem usually sound and sensible: the lines quoted from ‘The Watcher’ do indeed ‘attempt, and fail, to wrest a response from the stereotyped symbols of the matriarchate’; ‘Christmas Ballad’ is banal; Fourth Quarter does represent ‘a newer and more vigorous poetic world’ than Alive.

Read more: Jennifer Strauss reviews 'The Poetry of Judith Wright' by Edward Walker

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Jack Clancy review The Last New Wave: The Australian film revival by David Stratton
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Article Title: The Old New Wave
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The end of the decade seems an appropriate time for a re-assessment of the revival of Australian cinema, since the beginning of the seventies can be taken as the time when it struggled towards life. Somewhere between the two Burstall films, Two Thousand Weeks (1968) and Alvin Purple (1973), there took place the various stirrings of conscience, consciousness, initiative, and enterprise that led to something over one hundred and fifty films in the next ten years. David Stratton’s book lists one-hundred-and-twenty-eight films, although different listings have discovered more, and he is also at pains to pay appropriate tribute to the pioneering efforts of Burstall.

Book 1 Title: The Last New Wave: The Australian film revival
Book Author: David Stratton
Book 1 Biblio: Angus & Robertson, $19.95, 337 pp
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The end of the decade seems an appropriate time for a re-assessment of the revival of Australian cinema, since the beginning of the seventies can be taken as the time when it struggled towards life. Somewhere between the two Burstall films, Two Thousand Weeks (1968) and Alvin Purple (1973), there took place the various stirrings of conscience, consciousness, initiative, and enterprise that led to something over one hundred and fifty films in the next ten years. David Stratton’s book lists one-hundred-and-twenty-eight films, although different listings have discovered more, and he is also at pains to pay appropriate tribute to the pioneering efforts of Burstall.

Read more: Jack Clancy review 'The Last New Wave: The Australian film revival' by David Stratton

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Geoffrey Serle reviews In Search of Keith Murdoch by Desmond Zwar
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Contents Category: Journalism
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Article Title: A Patriot and a Blunder
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The blurb is right enough: Sir Keith Murdoch probably was Australia’s greatest newspaperman. Quite unusually for a press tycoon, he had been a very good journalist and a brilliant editor. In his time the Melbourne evening Herald and Sun News-Pictorial were, technically, remarkable innovatory newspapers.

Book 1 Title: In Search of Keith Murdoch
Book Author: Desmond Zwar
Book 1 Biblio: Macmillan, $17.95, 130 pp
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The blurb is right enough: Sir Keith Murdoch probably was Australia’s greatest newspaperman. Quite unusually for a press tycoon, he had been a very good journalist and a brilliant editor. In his time the Melbourne evening Herald and Sun News-Pictorial were, technically, remarkable innovatory newspapers.

Read more: Geoffrey Serle reviews 'In Search of Keith Murdoch' by Desmond Zwar

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Susan Higgins reviews Christina Stead’s The Man Who Loved Children & For Love Alone by Laurie Clancy
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Article Title: Illuminating the Word
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It should be cause for congratulation that a study of Christina Stead is among the first four titles appearing in a series called ‘Essays in Australian Literature’ (general editor John Barnes). Because only two of her novels have Australian settings, because she has lived abroad most of her writing life, because her work evades the usual categories of fiction, because she has no time for the literary marketplace – for a whole complex of reasons Stead’s extraordinary achievement has never been adequately recognised in the land of her birth.

Book 1 Title: Christina Stead’s The Man Who Loved Children & For Love Alone
Book Author: Laurie Clancy
Book 1 Biblio: Shillington House, $3.70 pb, 46 pp
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It should be cause for congratulation that a study of Christina Stead is among the first four titles appearing in a series called ‘Essays in Australian Literature’ (general editor John Barnes). Because only two of her novels have Australian settings, because she has lived abroad most of her writing life, because her work evades the usual categories of fiction, because she has no time for the literary marketplace – for a whole complex of reasons Stead’s extraordinary achievement has never been adequately recognised in the land of her birth.

Read more: Susan Higgins reviews 'Christina Stead’s The Man Who Loved Children & For Love Alone' by Laurie...

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Philippa Hawker reviews The Murders at Hanging Rock by Yvonne Rosseau
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Article Title: The Unexplained and Inexplicable
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Since its publication in 1967, Joan Lindsay’s Picnic at Hanging Rock has exercised a peculiar fascination over Australian readers. Its tale of the unexplained and apparently inexplicable disappearance of three schoolgirls and a teacher from an expedition to the Rock is so well known that it scarcely needs further elaboration. Interest and sales were boosted by Peter Weir’s 1975 film. With its lyrical progression of girls in white dresses with blue satin sashes, which ushered in what we like to think of as the rebirth of the Australian cinema, or at least its serious appraisal by the rest of the world.

Book 1 Title: The Murders at Hanging Rock
Book Author: Yvonne Rosseau
Book 1 Biblio: Scribe, $7.95 pb, 192 pp
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Since its publication in 1967, Joan Lindsay’s Picnic at Hanging Rock has exercised a peculiar fascination over Australian readers. Its tale of the unexplained and apparently inexplicable disappearance of three schoolgirls and a teacher from an expedition to the Rock is so well known that it scarcely needs further elaboration. Interest and sales were boosted by Peter Weir’s 1975 film. With its lyrical progression of girls in white dresses with blue satin sashes, which ushered in what we like to think of as the rebirth of the Australian cinema, or at least its serious appraisal by the rest of the world.

Read more: Philippa Hawker reviews 'The Murders at Hanging Rock' by Yvonne Rosseau

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Memory Holloway reviews The Shock of the New by Robert Hughes
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Article Title: The Modern Imagination
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Custom Highlight Text: Turn The Shock of the New over and on the back cover Robert Hughes stands in a mirrored room, looking out at the spectator, infinitely reflected in a light filled glass box that looks like one of Portman’s new hotels. The choice of photograph is a key to Hughes and the pages within, for in the text, Hughes describes this Mirrored Room by Lucas Samaras as:
Book 1 Title: The Shock of the New
Book Author: Robert Hughes
Book 1 Biblio: British Broadcasting Corporation, 423 pp
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Turn The Shock of the New over and on the back cover Robert Hughes stands in a mirrored room, looking out at the spectator, infinitely reflected in a light filled glass box that looks like one of Portman’s new hotels. The choice of photograph is a key to Hughes and the pages within, for in the text, Hughes describes this Mirrored Room by Lucas Samaras as:

a small space, but big enough to stand, move, and sit in ... To enter the Room and close the door is to see one-self reflected to infinity, fragment by fragment, never whole, but infinitely expanding in de tail; to be multiplied thus... is a strange feat of narcissism. At the same time the mirrors compose something very much larger than the self.

Read more: Memory Holloway reviews 'The Shock of the New' by Robert Hughes

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Russel McDougall reviews Xavier Herbert’s Capricornia and Poor Fellow My Country by John McLaren
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Article Title: The Enigma of Hebert
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Custom Highlight Text: John McLaren’s contribution to the new series titled ‘Essays in Australian  Literature’ is, as the editorial page proclaims, ‘the first extended study of the two major works by Xavier Herbert - his first novel, Capricornia, and his last, Poor Fellow My Country.
Book 1 Title: Xavier Herbert’s Capricornia and Poor Fellow My Country
Book Author: John McLaren
Book 1 Biblio: Shillington House, $3.70 pb, 48 pp
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John McLaren’s contribution to the new series titled ‘Essays in Australian  Literature’ is, as the editorial page proclaims, ‘the first extended study of the two major works by Xavier Herbert - his first novel, Capricornia, and his last, Poor Fellow My Country. There has been a handful of articles concerning each of these books individually, and almost a whole chapter dealing with both novels in Healy’s recent work, Literature and the Aborigine in Australia. It is not only for its dual focus, however, that McLaren's study is long overdue, but also for its refusal to pigeon-hole Herbert’s writing in the manner typified by the title of Healy’s chapter, ‘Indignation and Ideology’.

Read more: Russel McDougall reviews 'Xavier Herbert’s Capricornia and Poor Fellow My Country' by John McLaren

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Don Grant reviews Winner Take All? by Donald Horne
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Article Title: The Power and the Culture
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Don’t judge Donald Horne’s books by their titles.

Book 1 Title: Winner Take All?
Book Author: Donald Horne
Book 1 Biblio: Penguin, $2.95 pb, 132 pp
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Don’t judge Donald Horne’s books by their titles.

The Lucky Country, he now tells us, is not so much about the good fortune ofAustralia as about Australia as a derivative society. But even that, he said in the preface to the second edition, is misleading, for the central theme is the subtitle: Australia in the Sixties. ‘The Lucky Country theme is really a sub-plot’.

Read more: Don Grant reviews 'Winner Take All?' by Donald Horne

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Ross Bennett reviews The Silent Piano by Philip Salom
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Contents Category: Poetry
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Article Title: Religious Guilt and Resolution
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Thirty-year-old Western Australian poet Philip Salom’s first collection takes its title from Camus: ‘... a prisoner in a camp where cold and hunger were almost unbearable – who constructed himself a silent piano.’

Book 1 Title: The Silent Piano
Book Author: Philip Salom
Book 1 Biblio: Fremantle Arts Centre Press, $4 pb, 94 pp
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Thirty-year-old Western Australian poet Philip Salom’s first collection takes its title from Camus: ‘... a prisoner in a camp where cold and hunger were almost unbearable – who constructed himself a silent piano.’

Salom writes mainly about himself. The middle sections of the book (‘Figures in Clay’, ‘The Dam’, ‘Intersection’) deal with memories of childhood and adolescence on a dairy farm at Brunswick Junction. There are beautiful and often terrifying evocations of landscape and characters here, but the emphasis is on the tensed relationship between the remembered world of the child and the rather bruised sensibility of the adult poet. In the other, less successful sections Salom attempts a more objective self-dramatisation, adopting the persona of an apostate priest (‘Hawes’) or various religious figures from history (‘The Silent Piano’). In almost all of the forty-nine poems, Salom’s major preoccupation is a search for personal integration and belief.

Read more: Ross Bennett reviews 'The Silent Piano' by Philip Salom

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Contents Category: Shakespeare
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Article Title: Shakespeare Revisited
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In some basic respects, The Recurring Miracle and Antic Fables represent opposite ways of approaching Shakespeare.

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In some basic respects, The Recurring Miracle and Antic Fables represent opposite ways of approaching Shakespeare.

Derick Marsh wrote his book in 1960, during a period of imprisonment without trial or charge at Pietermaritzburg prison, after the massacre at Sharpeville. Although he never refers directly to African politics, he responds to Shakespeare’s last plays in a strongly personal way, as ‘an examination of the continual clash between good and evil’. Perhaps the most compelling parts of his book are those discussing the way good characters in these plays confront calumny and hate, and how their goodness endures even in apparently hopeless circumstances. His insight into Hermione and Imogen is evidently based on a quite warm and, tender identification with them. At times he seems to force out of these plays an explicit meaning they do not readily reveal – for example, his assertion that, in Cymbeline, Shakespeare denies the possibility of life after death. But Professor Marsh does bring out very convincingly in these plays an abiding sense of the value of life, even in times of extreme adversity and injustice.

Read more: Axel Clark reviews four books

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Mary Eagle reviews The Years of Hope: Australian Art and Criticism 1959–1968 by Gary Catalano
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Article Title: Poise and Evocation
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Gary Catalano’s book, which I admire greatly, is a readjustment. His standpoint, so far as I can tell, is an ideal he has of what might be the suitable creative situation for artists, and he reviews the 1960s with this in mind.

Book 1 Title: The Years of Hope
Book 1 Subtitle: Australian Art and Criticism 1959–1968
Book Author: Gary Catalano
Book 1 Biblio: Oxford University Press, $19.95, 215 pp
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Gary Catalano’s book, which I admire greatly, is a readjustment. His standpoint, so far as I can tell, is an ideal he has of what might be the suitable creative situation for artists, and he reviews the 1960s with this in mind.

Instead of seeing the development towards abstraction as inevitable or even the main issue of 1960s art, he finds the major break in the later 1960s when Australian art was momentarily overridden by New York ‘internationalism’. For instance, he disagrees with Bernard Smith’s opinion that in the late 1960s expressionism came to an end, while pointing to the tyranny that hard-edge exercised. ‘Tyranny’ is the operative word to explain why young ‘expressionist’ painters like Robin Wallace-Crabbe, Garry Shead, and David Aspden fumbled their way into hard-edge in the late 1960s. Hard-edge was not an appropriate style for any of them: only intimidation can explain why they tried.

Read more: Mary Eagle reviews 'The Years of Hope: Australian Art and Criticism 1959–1968' by Gary Catalano

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Janet McCalman reviews Yaldwyn of the Golden Spurs by J. O. Randell, Mountain Gold by John Adams and A History of Camberwell by Geoffrey Blainey
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Contents Category: History
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Article Title: The Community Spirit
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For any who may suffer under the delusion that the production of good histories is easy, these three books offer some valuable lessons. The first, J.0. Randell’s Yaldwyn of the Golden Spurs, is the work of a Gentleman (i.e. amateur) historian, the other two are very much the labours of mere Players. William Henry Yaldwyn (1801–66) was a Sussex squire, (in Burke’s LandedGentry by the skin of his teeth), who turned Australian squatter to boost the family’s dwindling fortunes. He was certainly ‘in’ on some of the most significant historical action in midcentury Australia – pioneering Victorian squatter, a Port Phillip Gentleman and founder of the Melbourne Club, a visitor to the gold fields in 1852, and a few years later a pioneering squatter again, this time in Queensland. It was only Queensland that amply rewarded him, both financially and personally. He served two brief terms in the Legislative Council where, Mr Randell informs us, his ancestors’ Cromwellian sympathies encouraged him to propose a motion, finally passed by both houses in 1862, which established the elective nature of the upper house at the expense of the power of the Crown. As one of the few Queensland farmer politicians to have advanced the cause of Democracy, he is indeed a raraavis.

Book 1 Title: Yaldwyn of the Golden Spurs
Book Author: J. O. Randell
Book 1 Biblio: Melbourne Mast Gully Press, $45, 161 pp
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Book 2 Title: Mountain Gold
Book 2 Author: John Adams
Book 2 Biblio: Narracan Shire Council, 168 pp
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Book 3 Title: A History of Camberwell
Book 3 Author: Geoffrey Blainey
Book 3 Biblio: Lothian, $12.95, 168 pp
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For any who may suffer under the delusion that the production of good histories is easy, these three books offer some valuable lessons. The first, J.0. Randell’s Yaldwyn of the Golden Spurs, is the work of a Gentleman (i.e. amateur) historian, the other two are very much the labours of mere Players. William Henry Yaldwyn (1801–66) was a Sussex squire, (in Burke’s LandedGentry by the skin of his teeth), who turned Australian squatter to boost the family’s dwindling fortunes. He was certainly ‘in’ on some of the most significant historical action in midcentury Australia – pioneering Victorian squatter, a Port Phillip Gentleman and founder of the Melbourne Club, a visitor to the gold fields in 1852, and a few years later a pioneering squatter again, this time in Queensland. It was only Queensland that amply rewarded him, both financially and personally. He served two brief terms in the Legislative Council where, Mr Randell informs us, his ancestors’ Cromwellian sympathies encouraged him to propose a motion, finally passed by both houses in 1862, which established the elective nature of the upper house at the expense of the power of the Crown. As one of the few Queensland farmer politicians to have advanced the cause of Democracy, he is indeed a raraavis.

Read more: Janet McCalman reviews 'Yaldwyn of the Golden Spurs' by J. O. Randell, 'Mountain Gold' by John...

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Contents Category: Publishing
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Article Title: Downhill All the Way
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In 1972 I gave a paper at Writers’ Week in Adelaide on the future of publishing in which I pointed out that there had occurred in the 20th Century an explosion of knowledge which had accelerated after World War II, and that, collectively, we really know more than any one person can absorb in a lifetime – we have seen the last Renaissance Man. I went on to say that it is not surprising that as technology learned how to entertain us we turned from books as a primary source of entertainment to books as instruments of specialized learning which our formal education had not been capable of supplying. The second half of my 1972 talk was devoted to pointing out that technology, having moved into the entertainment area, was now poised to move on to the education and information arena with far-reaching ramifications for both authors and publishers.

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In 1972 I gave a paper at Writers’ Week in Adelaide on the future of publishing in which I pointed out that there had occurred in the 20th Century an explosion of knowledge which had accelerated after World War II, and that, collectively, we really know more than any one person can absorb in a lifetime – we have seen the last Renaissance Man. I went on to say that it is not surprising that as technology learned how to entertain us we turned from books as a primary source of entertainment to books as instruments of specialized learning whichour formal education had not been capable of supplying. The second half of my 1972 talk was devoted to pointing out that technology, having moved into the entertainment area, was now poised to move on to the education and information arena with far-reaching ramifications for both authors and publishers.

Read more: ‘Downhill All the Way’ by Frank Thompson

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Bernard Smith reviews Augustus Earle Travel artist by Jocelyn Hackforth-Jones
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The collection of 161 drawings and watercolour paintings by Augustus Earle now in the possession of the National Library of Australia consitutes the greater part of his work to have survived and is, all things considered, the most impressive single component of the Nan Kivell Collection. The son of an American painter and loyalist, James Earl, the young Augustus Earle (born 1793) studied at the Royal Academy London, and developed considerable talent as an artist in portraiture, figure, and landscape painting. At an early age he also developed a disposition for travel and by the time of his death in 1838 was one of the most widely-travelled artists of his time, having visited the Mediterranean, South America, Australia, New Zealand, the South Atlantic island of Tristan da Cunha, the Pacific Islands, South-east Asia, and India. One of the last of the travelling artists to work extensively in the days prior to the introduction of photography, Earle’s work constitutes an invaluable record of life on many of the frontiers of European expansion. Because his training was an all-round one he has left us not only a varied picture of exotic landscape but also many vivid illustrations of colonial life, and of native life and custom in Australia, New Zealand and elsewhere.

Book 1 Title: Augustus Earle
Book 1 Subtitle: Travel Artist
Book Author: Jocelyn Hackforth-Jones
Book 1 Biblio: National Library of Australia, 157 pp
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The collection of 161 drawings and watercolour paintings by Augustus Earle now in the possession of the National Library of Australia consitutes the greater part of his work to have survived and is, all things considered, the most impressive single component of the Nan Kivell Collection. The son of an American painter and loyalist, James Earl, the young Augustus Earle (born 1793) studied at the Royal Academy London, and developed considerable talent as an artist in portraiture, figure, and landscape painting. At an early age he also developed a disposition for travel and by the time of his death in 1838 was one of the most widely-travelled artists of his time, having visited the Mediterranean, South America, Australia, New Zealand, the South Atlantic island of Tristan da Cunha, the Pacific Islands, South-east Asia, and India. One of the last of the travelling artists to work extensively in the days prior to the introduction of photography, Earle’s work constitutes an invaluable record of life on many of the frontiers of European expansion. Because his training was an all-round one he has left us not only a varied picture of exotic landscape but also many vivid illustrations of colonial life, and of native life and custom in Australia, New Zealand and elsewhere.

Read more: Bernard Smith reviews 'Augustus Earle Travel artist' by Jocelyn Hackforth-Jones

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Barry Andrews reviews Encyclopedia of Australian Sport by Jim Shepherd
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Contents Category: Sport
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Article Title: Easily the Greatest
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Jim Shepherd’s Encyclopedia of Australian Sport proceeds from ‘ABC Sportsman of the Year’ and ‘Abonyi, Attila (1945 – )’ on page 1 to ’Young Jack (1925 – )’ and ‘Young, Robert “Nat” (1950 )’ on page 468. In between are some 850 entries alphabetically arranged, most of them on participants (brief biography, achievements, the ‘whole picture of their star quality’) but some devoted to administrators, barrackers, etc. and to the sports themselves. Lavishly-illustrated, it’s a steal at S 10.95; brightly written, it’s precisely the sort of good read for a present to Uncle/ Cousin/Brother/Father Norm. As he argues over the underarm dismissal and the result of the 1980 Escort Cup Grand Final, that Norm will enjoy the style as well as the fact that this version of the Australian sporting experience presents most of the legends intact (e.g. see the Les Darcy and Hugh McIntosh entries).

Book 1 Title: Encyclopedia of Australian Sport
Book Author: Jim Shepherd
Book 1 Biblio: Rigby, $10.95, 469 pp
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Jim Shepherd’s Encyclopedia of Australian Sport proceeds from ‘ABC Sportsman of the Year’ and ‘Abonyi, Attila (1945 – )’ on page 1 to ’Young Jack (1925 – )’ and ‘Young, Robert “Nat” (1950 )’ on page 468. In between are some 850 entries alphabetically arranged, most of them on participants (brief biography, achievements, the ‘whole picture of their star quality’) but some devoted to administrators, barrackers, etc. and to the sports themselves. Lavishly-illustrated, it’s a steal at S 10.95; brightly written, it’s precisely the sort of good read for a present to Uncle/ Cousin/Brother/Father Norm. As he argues over the underarm dismissal and the result of the 1980 Escort Cup Grand Final, that Norm will enjoy the style as well as the fact that this version of the Australian sporting experience presents most of the legends intact (e.g. see the Les Darcy and Hugh McIntosh entries).

Read more: Barry Andrews reviews 'Encyclopedia of Australian Sport' by Jim Shepherd

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David English reviews Rites of Passage by William Golding
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Article Title: Adventure and the Antipodes
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Rites of Passage qualifies for a notice in ABR because, although it is written and published in Britain, it is among other things an account of the adventures of one Edmund Talbot who has taken a passage to Australia sometime during a lull in the wars with France, towards the end of the eighteenth century.

Book 1 Title: Rites of Passage
Book Author: William Golding
Book 1 Biblio: Faber & Faber, $14.95 pb, 278 pp
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Rites of Passage qualifies for a notice in ABR because, although it is written and published in Britain, it is among other things an account of the adventures of one Edmund Talbot who has taken a passage to Australia sometime during a lull in the wars with France, towards the end of the eighteenth century.

That date is only a guess, and indeed the novel invites a lot of guessing. Golding has written a delightful, engaging parody – a true literary parody – of an eighteenth century traveller’s journal in which are described all the picaresque adventures we might imagine a ship’s company capable of during their months at sea.

Read more: David English reviews 'Rites of Passage' by William Golding

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Frances McInherny reviews Come Spring by Maria Lewitt and A Breed of Women by Fiona Kidman
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Article Title: Warmth and Compassion
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The normally difficult task of reviewing first novels is compounded in this instance in that Lewitt's Come Spring is an excellent work and Kidman's A Breed of Women has very little to recommend it.

Both novels are written by women and deal with the problems of female adolescence and young womanhood. Lewitt’s work is set in Poland during the German occupation and Kidman's in New Zealand 1978 with back-tracking some thirty years to the childhood of its chief protagonist, Harriet Wallace.

Book 1 Title: Come Spring
Book 1 Subtitle: An Autobiographical Novel
Book Author: Maria Lewitt
Book 1 Biblio: Scribe Publications, $4.95 pb, 269 pp
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Book 2 Title: A Breed of Women
Book 2 Author: Fiona Kidman
Book 2 Biblio: Sun Books, $3.95 pb, 343 pp
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The normally difficult task of reviewing first novels is compounded in this instance in that Lewitt's Come Spring is an excellent work and Kidman's A Breed of Women has very little to recommend it.

Both novels are written by women and deal with the problems of female adolescence and young womanhood. Lewitt’s work is set in Poland during the German occupation and Kidman's in New Zealand 1978 with back-tracking some thirty years to the childhood of its chief protagonist, Harriet Wallace.

Come Spring, despite the horror of its setting and events, is an enormously cheering work in that it displays so brilliantly and with such beauty of expression the ability of the human spirit to overcome adversity, to take delight and sustenance from the simplest act. The writing is the more incredible in that we are told on the dustjacket that Lewitt learnt English by ear after emigrating to Australia in 1949. Irena, the Lewitt persona in the novel, does not just survive the German occupation, she triumphs over it through her courage, her sensitivity. her love for family and friends (especially Julek, lover/husband), her uncle's dog, Shelminka and most of all, for Poland itself. The atrocities are there, the fear and cowardice and Jew bashing and killing, but all of this is recounted without self-pity (and Irena is a Jew) or hatred, indeed there is the incredible humanity of the author which sees that Fritz, the German who evacuates the family, is lovable to his own family; that after the German defeat, the Nazi slave labourers are reduced to the same piteous condition as their former victims, the Jews. Lewitt does not make apologies for the Germans, but she does place the atrocities of Poland and concentration camps within the wider perspective – we are all little Hitlers given half a chance.

There is in this novel an astonishing blend of the grotesque and beautiful, the horrific and absurd. When Irena's family is finally forced to evacuate she opens the heavy suitcase which her Aunt Olga has insisted they bring with them:

Inside was an iron with two cast-iron heaters; this was absolutely necessary in case we wanted to freshen up our clothes. Apart from Unde’s portrait, there was also toothpaste, a wall mirror, a cooking pot and a crystal vase. All this surely was needed, for we might feel like throwing a party for Fritz and Co.

Unfortunately for the reader, Kidman’s Harriet Wallace never achieves such glimmers of ironic humour. A Breed of Women is one of a number of recent novels which seem to be aiming for the award of antipodean A Woman's Room. full of self-indulgence, self-pity and sexual prurience disguised as awareness. The novel deals with the life and loves of Harriet Wallace, from farmgirl through to ageing television personality, hopelessly enamoured of Michael Young who is, predictably, some years younger and not particularly interested. There is a husband in the wings. Max Taylor; and ex-husband, the Maori Denny; assorted children and friends; adolescent companion, Leonie Treager, now a bored and lonely executive wife. In the early part of the novel Leonie does show some promise but the massive egocentrism of Harriet ensures that Leonie, like all the other characters, is made insignificant while Harriet remains centre stage and stays there for all the maundering and fairly trivial ‘insights’ of the work.

A great deal of the novel concerns itself with Harriet’s search for ‘it’ – her quaint euphemism for sexual intercourse. Why a girl who has been raised on a dairy farm is so ignorant of sexual congress is never explained, but our heroine presses on relentlessly in her search for ‘it’, encountering several attempted rapes on the way. Her eventual deflowerment by a virtual stranger is described in terms which are indicative of much of the writing:

‘Oh. damn,’ he suddenly groaned. He levered himself up on his hands and knees, and they both inspected the splendid penis he had been sporting a few moments earlier ...

‘Will it come back?’ she asked, now genuinely interested.

‘You could help’, said Sydney.

‘Could I?’

He shook his head in wonder. ‘Christ, you're not frigid, are you?’

‘It’s not very warm in here’, Harriet admitted.

The sequel to all this nonsense is Sydney’s horror at finding blood on the sheets; his fiancée is to arrive the following day and will see it!

And so it goes on and on and on, through marriage with Denny, the loss of the first baby, second marriage, sundry adulteries, success, and then abandonment by Michael. There is a kind of wisdom learned, I suppose, when Harriet decides that she and her mother and daughter are a ‘certain breed of women who were indestructible’. It doesn’t seem much after so many trials and such posturing for truth.

If you want a vicarious thrill by looking at the life of a self-styled liberated woman, then read A Breed of Women. Don’t expect too many insights, or for that matter, much liberation. For a compassionate, warm and very well written work, one could do a lot worse than Maria Lewitt’s Come Spring.

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James Koehne reviews ‘The Penguin Book of Modern Australian Verse’ by Harry Heseltine
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The appearance of anthologies which have the intention of representing the poetic output of a specific ‘era’ often indicates that era's having achieved a status of authority. Harry Heseltine’s Penguin Book of Modern Australian Verse anthologizes poetry of the nineteen-sixties and seventies, and just as surely as in any such anthology, the poetry of these decades becomes relegated to the past tense.

Book 1 Title: The Penguin Book of Modern Australian Verse
Book Author: Harry Heseltine
Book 1 Biblio: Penguin, $4.95 pb, 214 pp
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The appearance of anthologies which have the intention of representing the poetic output of a specific ‘era’ often indicates that era's having achieved a status of authority. Harry Heseltine’s Penguin Book of Modern Australian Verse anthologizes poetry of the nineteen-sixties and seventies, and just as surely as in any such anthology, the poetry of these decades becomes relegated to the past tense.

Read more: James Koehne reviews ‘The Penguin Book of Modern Australian Verse’ by Harry Heseltine

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Kenneth Gordon McIntyre reviews ‘The Voyaging Stars - Secrets of the Pacific Island navigators’ by David Lewis
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The Voyaging Stars was first published in 1978, and already is a minor classic. Ever since Cook’s day it has been known that the Pacific Islanders, and especially the Polynesians, had a sophisticated system for long distance navigation, not employing the European aids of charts, sextants, chronometers and magnetic compasses – and yet remarkably effective. Cook himself used a Polynesian pilot from Tahiti to New Zealand. With the coming of European technology this traditional lore fell into abeyance. Fewer and fewer sons imbibed it from their fathers, and by the middle of this century it had almost died out. Unfortunately, it had never been scientifically investigated and had not been adequately recorded.

Book 1 Title: The Voyaging Stars
Book 1 Subtitle: Secrets of the Pacific Island navigators
Book Author: David Lewis
Book 1 Biblio: Fontana / Collins, $4.95 pb, 208 pp
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The Voyaging Stars was first published in 1978, and already is a minor classic. Ever since Cook’s day it has been known that the Pacific Islanders, and especially the Polynesians, had a sophisticated system for long distance navigation, not employing the European aids of charts, sextants, chronometers and magnetic compasses – and yet remarkably effective. Cook himself used a Polynesian pilot from Tahiti to New Zealand. With the coming of European technology this traditional lore fell into abeyance. Fewer and fewer sons imbibed it from their fathers, and by the middle of this century it had almost died out. Unfortunately, it had never been scientifically investigated and had not been adequately recorded.

David Lewis, uniquely equipped for the task by his navigational qualifications and his Polynesian background, came to hear of certain very old men in the islands, still alive, who had retained these skills. With a grant from Australian National University, he researched the ancient Polynesian sealore the hard way: he took his ketch Isbjorn to the islands, removed radio and compass and all other modern navigational aids, and invited these aged navigators to pilot it, using traditional lore alone, through dangerous seas from one island to another. The result is an unsurpassed adventure story. Sailing through the islands without normal instruments, experimentally guided by an old man who may or may not be as expert as he himself believed – that is tilting with Fate, indeed. But the aged pilots passed every test. Without fail the destination island turned up at the right time every time; and it was triumphantly proved that the Polynesians could and did find their way without compass or other instruments to islands that were but specks in the wilderness of sea.

The remainder of the book is filled out with long conversations with old navigators in their island homes, or in their island boats, attempting to elucidate the secret of their methods. This didactic material lacks the glamour of the earlier chapters, and seems dull by comparison. Further, it is not very clear, for scattered conversation in direct speech is not the ideal medium for the transmission of technical matters. It is not as clear as the concise (and, in places, amended) exposition of the same subject in the author’s later book From Maui to Cook. However, the reader does learn that Polynesian navigation was primarily based on the stars (as the title of the book indicates), plus much subtle deduction from sea currents, winds, clouds, landseeking birds and other phenomena.

The Pacific method of navigation that evolved differs from those of other parts of the world because of the unique geography of the area. The typical Polynesian (or Micronesian) island is small and isolated, with only four or five other islands within sailing distance. The navigator therefore, because of their fewness in number, could memorize the complex star patterns which set the four or five required courses, and could learn to identify the particular stars which at their zeniths mark the latitudes of those four or five destination islands. In this they differed from the Portuguese pioneers in the Atlantic. Needing to navigate to innumerable points along a continental coast, the Portuguese had to develop a magnetic compass which could read all bearings; and had to evolve altura instruments which could read all latitudes. But neither Polynesian nor Portuguese could establish longitude at sea. Therefore both sought their destination points at the intersection of bearing sailed and latitude observed – the Portuguese fixing these by their instruments, the Polynesians by the stars.

The book offers a superbly written account of islands and peoples and customs in the South Seas, some review of the history and pre-history of the Pacific area, much delving into anthropology and folk-lore. But its heart is the stirring story of the adventures by which the theory of the voyaging stars was tested, and by which the theory was proved.

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In 1972 I gave a paper at Writers’ Week in Adelaide on the future of publishing in which I pointed out that there had occurred in the 20th Century an explosion of knowledge which had accelerated after World War II, and that, collectively, we really know more than any one person can absorb in a lifetime – we have seen the last Renaissance Man. I went on to say that it is not surprising that as technology learned how to entertain us we turned from books as a primary source of entertainment to books as instruments of specialized learning which our formal education had not been capable of supplying. The second half of my 1972 talk was devoted to pointing out that technology, having moved into the entertainment area, was now poised to move on to the education and information arena with far-reaching ramifications for both authors and publishers.

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In 1972 I gave a paper at Writers’ Week in Adelaide on the future of publishing in which I pointed out that there had occurred in the 20th Century an explosion of knowledge which had accelerated after World War II, and that, collectively, we really know more than any one person can absorb in a lifetime – we have seen the last Renaissance Man. I went on to say that it is not surprising that as technology learned how to entertain us we turned from books as a primary source of entertainment to books as instruments of specialized learning which our formal education had not been capable of supplying. The second half of my 1972 talk was devoted to pointing out that technology, having moved into the entertainment area, was now poised to move on to the education and information arena with far-reaching ramifications for both authors and publishers.

Read more: ‘Downhill All the Way’ by Frank Thompson

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Laurie Clancy reviews ‘Political Fictions’ by Michael Wilding and ‘The Workingmans Paradise’ by John Miller
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Not the least of the many virtues of Michael Wilding’s Political Fictions is that it sets out its argument in a cogent way, stating its intellectual premises forthrightly and following them through with as little compromise as possible. This sort of ideological criticism (ideological, even though Wilding insists his judgments are primarily literary ones, and analyses the prose of the chosen novels closely) is rare in Australia. Here critics have mostly been content to proceed from a purely pragmatic basis – or, as the sympathetic would have it, have been content to be intelligent rather than ideological.

Book 1 Title: Political Fictions
Book Author: Michael Wilding
Book 1 Biblio: Routledge & Kegan Paul, $34.50 hb, 226 pp
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Book 2 Title: The Workingman’s Paradise
Book 2 Author: William Lane
Book 2 Biblio: Sydney University Press, $10.00 pb, 225 pp
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Not the least of the many virtues of Michael Wilding’s Political Fictions is that it sets out its argument in a cogent way, stating its intellectual premises forthrightly and following them through with as little compromise as possible. This sort of ideological criticism (ideological, even though Wilding insists his judgments are primarily literary ones, and analyses the prose of the chosen novels closely) is rare in Australia. Here critics have mostly been content to proceed from a purely pragmatic basis – or, as the sympathetic would have it, have been content to be intelligent rather than ideological.

Read more: Laurie Clancy reviews ‘Political Fictions’ by Michael Wilding and ‘The Workingman's Paradise’ by...

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It may be that the Urge to Publish is one of the basic instincts of post-Gutenberg civilization. Certainly publishers’ mail bags are fat with the offerings of would-be authors, and the GPO of every capital city does a brisk trade in padded bags for unsolicited manuscripts.

Faced with the possession of an ever- boomeranging opus, what do aspiring authors do? Some bury their grief in the wardrobe bottom drawer; some indulge in a ritual burnt offering. Others, made of sterner stuff, either enter into negotiations with a vanity press or go into business for themselves.

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It may be that the Urge to Publish is one of the basic instincts of post-Gutenberg civilization. Certainly publishers’ mail bags are fat with the offerings of would-be authors, and the GPO of every capital city does a brisk trade in padded bags for unsolicited manuscripts.

Faced with the possession of an ever- boomeranging opus, what do aspiring authors do? Some bury their grief in the wardrobe bottom drawer; some indulge in a ritual burnt offering. Others, made of sterner stuff, either enter into negotiations with a vanity press or go into business for themselves.

Read more: ‘All by Themselves’ by Margaret Dunkle

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Margaret Smith reviews ‘Women Sex and Pornography’ by Beatrice Faust
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Beatrice Faust manages to write so persuasively, that even when you have your reservations with some details, she manages to sway you. All her years of dedication to feminist and civil liberties campaigns, to the craft of good polemical writing, and to extensive research have resulted in a powerful work that has every chance of making its mark felt in England and America as well as in Australia. The book is helped along considerably by photographs of Hindu erotic art, some notable Beardsleys and genitalia from varying cultures.

Book 1 Title: Women Sex and Pornography
Book Author: Beatrice Faust
Book 1 Biblio: Penguin, $4.95 pb, 200 pp
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Beatrice Faust manages to write so persuasively, that even when you have your reservations with some details, she manages to sway you. All her years of dedication to feminist and civil liberties campaigns, to the craft of good polemical writing, and to extensive research have resulted in a powerful work that has every chance of making its mark felt in England and America as well as in Australia. The book is helped along considerably by photographs of Hindu erotic art, some notable Beardsleys and genitalia from varying cultures.

Women Sex and Pornography is not too broad a title because the book does in fact tackle gender, sexuality and pornography from a fully frontal position. It articulates much that women feel and hitherto have expressed tentatively amongst friends. Some of it makes you want to shout Hoorah!

Read more: Margaret Smith reviews ‘Women Sex and Pornography’ by Beatrice Faust

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Marjorie Tipping reviews ‘Charlie Hammonds Sketchbook’ by Christopher Fry
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Playwright Christopher Fry long ago wrote that ‘The bridge by which we cross from tragedy to comedy and back again is precarious ... if characters were not prepared for tragedy there would be no comedy ... their hearts must be as determined as the phoenix ... what burns must also light and renew’.

Book 1 Title: Charlie Hammond’s Sketchbook
Book Author: Christopher Fry
Book 1 Biblio: OUP, $15.95 pb, 78 pp
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Playwright Christopher Fry long ago wrote that ‘The bridge by which we cross from tragedy to comedy and back again is precarious ... if characters were not prepared for tragedy there would be no comedy ... their hearts must be as determined as the phoenix ... what burns must also light and renew’.

This extension of Fry’s own family history, following on Can You Find Me. brings to life, as if from the ashes, a shadowy and endearing Uncle Charlie. This kind of phoenix can never be too frequent. One wonders how many more families have hidden away similar sketchbooks which an ancestor created primarily for the eyes of his family. Yet where else would one find a nephew with the sensitivity and poetic vision to produce such an enchanting labour of love?

Read more: Marjorie Tipping reviews ‘Charlie Hammond's Sketchbook’ by Christopher Fry

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Nancy Keesing reviews ‘New England from old Photographs’ by Lionel Gilbert and ‘Woollahra - A history in pictures’ by Eric Russell
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A colleague questioned my choice of these two books for this page, wondering whether they are too localised for a national journal. This reminded me of a Victorian friend who once aired a theory that the poetry of Kenneth Slessor. That man of Sydney, is not highly regarded in Victoria while ‘Furnley Maurice’ (Frank Wilmot) is little appreciated north of the Murray. What rubbish. Admittedly a writer’s presence on his own soil can be important both for his work and, in some ways, for his audience. It was only when Patrick White and Christina Stead returned to Australia after long absences overseas that they gained proper honour here. But universality also cuts across boundaries and there are universal qualities, or at least for ‘new world’ countries, in each of these books.

Book 1 Title: New England from Old Photographs
Book Author: Lionel Gilbert
Book 1 Biblio: John Ferguson, $14.95 pb, 144 pp
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Book 2 Title: Woollahra
Book 2 Subtitle: A history in pictures
Book 2 Author: Eric Russell
Book 2 Biblio: John Ferguson, $12.95 pb, 158 pp
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A colleague questioned my choice of these two books for this page, wondering whether they are too localised for a national journal. This reminded me of a Victorian friend who once aired a theory that the poetry of Kenneth Slessor. That man of Sydney, is not highly regarded in Victoria while ‘Furnley Maurice’ (Frank Wilmot) is little appreciated north of the Murray. What rubbish. Admittedly a writer’s presence on his own soil can be important both for his work and, in some ways, for his audience. It was only when Patrick White and Christina Stead returned to Australia after long absences overseas that they gained proper honour here. But universality also cuts across boundaries and there are universal qualities, or at least for ‘new world’ countries, in each of these books.

Read more: Nancy Keesing reviews ‘New England from old Photographs’ by Lionel Gilbert and ‘Woollahra - A...

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Patricia Grimshaw reviews ‘Australian Imperialism in the Pacific’ by Roger C Thompson
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At a time when Australia’s involvement with Europe and Asia is coming under increasing academic scrutiny, an area which has continued to be neglected has been Australia’s relations with the Pacific Islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia situated so closely north and east of its coast. While others have touched on this subject briefly, Roger Thompson’s Australian Imperialism in the Pacific presents for the first time a detailed, meticulously researched and scholarly investigation which covers the period from the early days of the colony of New South Wales to the end of the First World War. It is, then, a timely study, filling a gap in our knowledge, and it is sure to be welcomed by scholars of both Australian and Pacific history.

Book 1 Title: Australian Imperialism in the Pacific
Book 1 Subtitle: The expansionist era 1820-1920
Book Author: Roger C. Thompson
Book 1 Biblio: MUP
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At a time when Australia’s involvement with Europe and Asia is coming under increasing academic scrutiny, an area which has continued to be neglected has been Australia’s relations with the Pacific Islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia situated so closely north and east of its coast. While others have touched on this subject briefly, Roger Thompson’s Australian Imperialism in the Pacific presents for the first time a detailed, meticulously researched and scholarly investigation which covers the period from the early days of the colony of New South Wales to the end of the First World War. It is, then, a timely study, filling a gap in our knowledge, and it is sure to be welcomed by scholars of both Australian and Pacific history.

Read more: Patricia Grimshaw reviews ‘Australian Imperialism in the Pacific’ by Roger C Thompson

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Ralph Summy reviews ‘The Champagne Trail’ by Alan Renouf
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The obvious cliche to describe this book is ‘light and frothy’. The beer connotation is more apt than the sparkle of champagne conjured up in the title.

Alan Renouf traces in more or less anecdotal fashion his career as an Australian diplomat. There are very readable, if almost glib, passages about his experiences at overseas postings and at home in the public service. These are interspersed with commentaries on the exasperating job of running the Foreign Service Department, the long list of duties and responsibilities entrusted to diplomats, and the declining state of the Australian Foreign Service. Some of this is highly interesting, but the book’s uneven pace and the abortive attempt at sparkling wit do little to enhance the author’s distinguished reputation.

Book 1 Title: The Champagne Trail
Book 1 Subtitle: Experiences of a diplomat
Book Author: Alan Renouf
Book 1 Biblio: Sun Books, $4.50 pb, 153 pp
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The obvious cliche to describe this book is ‘light and frothy’. The beer connotation is more apt than the sparkle of champagne conjured up in the title.

Alan Renouf traces in more or less anecdotal fashion his career as an Australian diplomat. There are very readable, if almost glib, passages about his experiences at overseas postings and at home in the public service. These are interspersed with commentaries on the exasperating job of running the Foreign Service Department, the long list of duties and responsibilities entrusted to diplomats, and the declining state of the Australian Foreign Service. Some of this is highly interesting, but the book’s uneven pace and the abortive attempt at sparkling wit do little to enhance the author’s distinguished reputation.

Read more: Ralph Summy reviews ‘The Champagne Trail’ by Alan Renouf

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Vane Lindesay reviews ‘Clotted Rot for Clots and Rotters’ by Patricia Rolfe
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‘On Saturday, January 31, 1880, the newsboys of Sydney hung about the entrance of a broken-down old building in Castlereagh-street, waiting for bundles of a new weekly paper as they were issued damp from the press. That day, for fourpence (reduced to threepence the following week), the citizens of Sydney could read, for the first time, and in very small print, the columns of The Bulletin.’

Book 1 Title: Clotted Rot for Clots and Rotters
Book Author: Patricia Rolfe
Book 1 Biblio: Wildcat Press, $6.95 pb, 192 pp
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‘On Saturday, January 31, 1880, the newsboys of Sydney hung about the entrance of a broken-down old building in Castlereagh-street, waiting for bundles of a new weekly paper as they were issued damp from the press. That day, for fourpence (reduced to threepence the following week), the citizens of Sydney could read, for the first time, and in very small print, the columns of The Bulletin.’

So wrote Nancy Keesing in 1955 for  the Bulletin when that weekly paper was celebrating its seventy-fifth year of publication and popularity under its old ‘red-covers’ format. And as most Australians are aware by now, the year 1980 recorded the century of that most famous and at one period significant, Australian publication, for its influence in the 1890s was such that we now recognize that era to have been the genesis of our national culture.

Read more: Vane Lindesay reviews ‘Clotted Rot for Clots and Rotters’ by Patricia Rolfe

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Warren Osmond reviews ‘Henry Parkes a Biography’ by A W Martin
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Notwithstanding recent expressions of disaffection with large-scale narrative biography (e.g., James Walter's biography of Whitlam), I remain a devotee of the genre. In Australia, our communal sense of identity, our historiographical debates and our literature are diminished by the infrequency of such works.

Book 1 Title: Henry Parkes
Book 1 Subtitle: A Biography
Book Author: A.W. Martin
Book 1 Biblio: MUP, $29.80 hb, 482 pp
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Notwithstanding recent expressions of disaffection with large-scale narrative biography (e.g., James Walter's biography of Whitlam), I remain a devotee of the genre. In Australia, our communal sense of identity, our historiographical debates and our literature are diminished by the infrequency of such works.

Although suffering from too prolonged preparation, and over-phenomenological in conception, Henry Parkes is a fine example of the kind of ambitious conventional biography we need. The book is the product of both unflagging empiricism and a wistful identification with Parkes and his Victorian flamboyance of character.

Read more: Warren Osmond reviews ‘Henry Parkes a Biography’ by A W Martin

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As a part of the Bicentenary History Project, the A.C.T. Regional Working Party of the Bibliographic Volume is to make one of its responsibilities the publishing of reviews of books of Australian bibliographic significance in the History’s bulletin Australian Historical Bibliography. Because the chronological coverage of the history extends to 1988, and the subject coverage is intended to be such as to satisfy the inquiring layman on any aspect of Australia’s past, this means that they are interested in almost any bibliographies at all.

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As a part of the Bicentenary History Project, the A.C.T. Regional Working Party of the Bibliographic Volume is to make one of its responsibilities the publishing of reviews of books of Australian bibliographic significance in the History’s bulletin Australian Historical Bibliography. Because the chronological coverage of the history extends to 1988, and the subject coverage is intended to be such as to satisfy the inquiring layman on any aspect of Australia’s past, this means that they are interested in almost any bibliographies at all.

The Working Party therefore is interested in any review copies from now until about the end of 1987. They should be sent to Carol M. Mills, The Library,- Canberra College of Advanced Education, P.O. Box 1, Belconnen, A.C.T., 2616.

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